महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-88, verse-8

शाखानगरमर्हस्तु सहस्रपतिरुत्तमम् ।
धान्यहैरण्यभोगेन भोक्तुं राष्ट्रिय उद्यतः ॥८॥

8. śākhānagaramarhastu sahasrapatiruttamam ,
dhānyahairaṇyabhogena bhoktuṁ rāṣṭriya udyataḥ.

8. śākhānagaram arhaḥ tu sahasrapatiḥ uttamam
dhānyahairaṇyabhogena bhoktum rāṣṭriyaḥ udyataḥ

8. rāṣṭriyaḥ sahasrapatiḥ arhaḥ tu uttamam
śākhānagaram dhānyahairaṇyabhogena bhoktum udyataḥ

8. An excellent lord of a thousand (sahasrapati), indeed worthy of a sub-city, is appointed as a regional governor to enjoy its revenues from grain and gold.

Words meanings summery:

• शाखानगरम् (śākhānagaram) - a provincial city under the jurisdiction of an officer (sub-city, branch city, provincial town)

• अर्हः (arhaḥ) - deserving of the sub-city and its governance (worthy, deserving, entitled)

• तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the entitlement (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• सहस्रपतिः (sahasrapatiḥ) - a high-ranking officer in charge of a district or a thousand villages (lord of a thousand, district officer)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, referring to the quality of the sub-city (excellent, best, highest)

• धान्यहैरण्यभोगेन (dhānyahairaṇyabhogena) - by the revenue collected in the form of grain and gold (by enjoyment of grain and gold, by revenue from grain and gold)

• भोक्तुम् (bhoktum) - to collect and utilize the revenue from the city (to enjoy, to rule, to collect revenue)

• राष्ट्रियः (rāṣṭriyaḥ) - the specific officer (sahasrapati) acting in the capacity of a regional governor (provincial governor, regional officer)

• उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - appointed or prepared for the task (ready, prepared, appointed, engaged)

Words meanings and morphology

शाखानगरम् (śākhānagaram) - a provincial city under the jurisdiction of an officer (sub-city, branch city, provincial town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śākhānagara

śākhānagara - branch city, provincial town

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śākhā+nagara)

• śākhā – branch, division, section
  noun (feminine)
• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)

अर्हः (arhaḥ) - deserving of the sub-city and its governance (worthy, deserving, entitled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arha

arha - worthy, deserving, entitled, able

Root: arh (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the entitlement (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

सहस्रपतिः (sahasrapatiḥ) - a high-ranking officer in charge of a district or a thousand villages (lord of a thousand, district officer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahasrapati

sahasrapati - lord of a thousand (villages/towns), a district officer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sahasra+pati)

• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, referring to the quality of the sub-city (excellent, best, highest)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, principal

Note: Agrees with śākhānagaram (neuter accusative singular).

धान्यहैरण्यभोगेन (dhānyahairaṇyabhogena) - by the revenue collected in the form of grain and gold (by enjoyment of grain and gold, by revenue from grain and gold)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhānyahairaṇyabhoga

dhānyahairaṇyabhoga - enjoyment or revenue from grain and gold

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (mixed) (dhānya+hairaṇya+bhoga)

• dhānya – grain, corn
  noun (neuter)
• hairaṇya – gold, golden, made of gold, gold-related revenue
  adjective (neuter)
• bhoga – enjoyment, possession, revenue, use
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

भोक्तुम् (bhoktum) - to collect and utilize the revenue from the city (to enjoy, to rule, to collect revenue)

(verb)

infinitive of bhuj

infinitive

root bhuj + tumun suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

राष्ट्रियः (rāṣṭriyaḥ) - the specific officer (sahasrapati) acting in the capacity of a regional governor (provincial governor, regional officer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāṣṭriya

rāṣṭriya - provincial officer, governor of a country or district

उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - appointed or prepared for the task (ready, prepared, appointed, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udyata

udyata - ready, prepared, engaged, appointed, energetic

past passive participle

ud + yam (to strive) + kta (past participle suffix)

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)