महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-88, verse-37

तस्माद्गोमिषु यत्नेन प्रीतिं कुर्याद्विचक्षणः ।
दयावानप्रमत्तश्च करान्संप्रणयन्मृदून् ॥३७॥

37. tasmādgomiṣu yatnena prītiṁ kuryādvicakṣaṇaḥ ,
dayāvānapramattaśca karānsaṁpraṇayanmṛdūn.

37. tasmāt gomiṣu yatnena prītim kuryāt vicakṣaṇaḥ
| dayāvān apramattaḥ ca karān sampraṇayan mṛdūn

37. tasmāt vicakṣaṇaḥ yatnena gomiṣu prītim kuryāt ca
dayāvān apramattaḥ mṛdūn karān sampraṇayan (syāt)

37. Therefore, an intelligent ruler should diligently cultivate goodwill towards cattle owners, being compassionate and vigilant, implementing mild taxes.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• गोमिषु (gomiṣu) - towards cattle owners (among cattle owners, towards cattle owners)

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - diligently (with effort, diligently, carefully)

• प्रीतिम् (prītim) - goodwill (affection, love, goodwill, satisfaction)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should cultivate (he should do, he should make, he should cultivate)

• विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - an intelligent ruler (discerning, intelligent, wise person)

• दयावान् (dayāvān) - compassionate (compassionate, merciful)

• अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - vigilant (vigilant, careful, not negligent)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• करान् (karān) - taxes (taxes, hands, rays)

• सम्प्रणयन् (sampraṇayan) - implementing (imposing, establishing, leading well)

• मृदून् (mṛdūn) - mild (gentle, soft, mild)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.

गोमिषु (gomiṣu) - towards cattle owners (among cattle owners, towards cattle owners)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of gomin

gomin - possessing cattle, rich in cattle, cattle owner

From 'go' (cow, cattle) + possessive suffix '-in'.

Note: Locative plural expressing 'towards' or 'in relation to'.

यत्नेन (yatnena) - diligently (with effort, diligently, carefully)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, diligence, care

From root 'yat' (to endeavor, strive).

Root: yat (class 1)

प्रीतिम् (prītim) - goodwill (affection, love, goodwill, satisfaction)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - pleasure, joy, love, affection, goodwill

From root 'prī' (to please, delight).

Root: prī (class 9)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should cultivate (he should do, he should make, he should cultivate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - an intelligent ruler (discerning, intelligent, wise person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicakṣaṇa

vicakṣaṇa - discerning, intelligent, wise, skillful

From 'vi-cakṣ' (to see clearly, discern).

Prefix: vi

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Here used as a noun meaning 'a discerning person' or 'a wise man'.

दयावान् (dayāvān) - compassionate (compassionate, merciful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dayāvat

dayāvat - compassionate, merciful, kind

From 'dayā' (compassion) + possessive suffix '-vat'.

Note: Describes 'vicakṣaṇaḥ'.

अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - vigilant (vigilant, careful, not negligent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apramatta

apramatta - vigilant, attentive, careful, not careless

Past Passive Participle

From 'a' (negation) + 'pra-mad' (to be negligent). P.P.P. of 'pra-mad'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramatta)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• pramatta – negligent, careless, intoxicated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of 'pra-mad'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Describes 'vicakṣaṇaḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

करान् (karān) - taxes (taxes, hands, rays)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kara

kara - tax, tribute, hand, ray of light

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make), in the sense of 'what is made' or 'what is imposed'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सम्प्रणयन् (sampraṇayan) - implementing (imposing, establishing, leading well)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sampraṇayat

sampraṇayat - directing, imposing, establishing, leading well

Present Active Participle

Root 'nī' with upasargas 'sam' and 'pra'. Formed with '-śatṛ' suffix.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Describes 'vicakṣaṇaḥ' in an ongoing action.

मृदून् (mṛdūn) - mild (gentle, soft, mild)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, gentle, mild, tender

Note: Agrees with 'karān'.