महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-88, verse-5

सोऽपि विंशत्यधिपतिर्वृत्तं जानपदे जने ।
ग्रामाणां शतपालाय सर्वमेव निवेदयेत् ॥५॥

5. so'pi viṁśatyadhipatirvṛttaṁ jānapade jane ,
grāmāṇāṁ śatapālāya sarvameva nivedayet.

5. saḥ api viṃśati adhipatiḥ vṛttam jānapade
jane grāmāṇām śatapālāya sarvam eva nivedayet

5. saḥ viṃśati adhipatiḥ api jānapade jane vṛttam
grāmāṇām sarvam eva śatapālāya nivedayet

5. Furthermore, that officer in charge of twenty villages (viṃśatyadhipatiḥ) should report all affairs (vṛttam) concerning the people of the district (jānapade jane) to the officer in charge of a hundred villages (śatapālāya).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (officer) (he, that)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too, moreover)

• विंशति (viṁśati) - twenty

• अधिपतिः (adhipatiḥ) - lord, ruler (lord, ruler, chief)

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - affairs (conduct, occurrence, event, affair, behavior)

• जानपदे (jānapade) - pertaining to the district (in the district, pertaining to the district)

• जने (jane) - among the people (in the person, among the people, with regard to the people)

• ग्रामाणाम् (grāmāṇām) - of villages (implied to be part of the śatapāla's jurisdiction) (of villages)

• शतपालाय (śatapālāya) - to the officer in charge of a hundred villages (to the lord/officer of a hundred (villages))

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, whole, entire)

• एव (eva) - indeed, completely (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - should report (should report, should announce, should make known)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (officer) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Connects this sentence to the previous reporting hierarchy.

विंशति (viṁśati) - twenty

(numeral)

अधिपतिः (adhipatiḥ) - lord, ruler (lord, ruler, chief)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhipati

adhipati - lord, ruler, chief, master

From 'adhi' (over) and 'pati' (master).

Note: Combined with "viṃśati" to mean "officer of twenty".

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - affairs (conduct, occurrence, event, affair, behavior)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, existed, conduct, behavior, occurrence, event

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to turn).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of reporting.

जानपदे (jānapade) - pertaining to the district (in the district, pertaining to the district)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jānapada

jānapada - belonging to a country/district, a countryman, an inhabitant

Derived from "janapada" (country, district).

जने (jane) - among the people (in the person, among the people, with regard to the people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Together, "jānapade jane" refers to the populace of the district.

ग्रामाणाम् (grāmāṇām) - of villages (implied to be part of the śatapāla's jurisdiction) (of villages)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of grāma

grāma - village, community

शतपालाय (śatapālāya) - to the officer in charge of a hundred villages (to the lord/officer of a hundred (villages))

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of śatapāla

śatapāla - lord of a hundred, officer over a hundred (villages)

Derived from "śata" (hundred) and "pāla" (protector/ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śata+pāla)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• pāla – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā 'to protect'.
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: The recipient of the report from the viṃśatyadhipati.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, whole, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

एव (eva) - indeed, completely (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - should report (should report, should announce, should make known)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of nived

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada

From root 'vid' (to know) with prefix 'ni'. Causative of 'ni-vid'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 10)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.