महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-88, verse-6

यानि ग्रामीणभोज्यानि ग्रामिकस्तान्युपाश्नुयात् ।
दशपस्तेन भर्तव्यस्तेनापि द्विगुणाधिपः ॥६॥

6. yāni grāmīṇabhojyāni grāmikastānyupāśnuyāt ,
daśapastena bhartavyastenāpi dviguṇādhipaḥ.

6. yāni grāmīṇabhojyāni grāmikaḥ tāni upāśnuyāt
daśapaḥ tena bhartavyaḥ tena api dviguṇa adhipatiḥ

6. grāmikaḥ yāni grāmīṇabhojyāni tāni upāśnuyāt daśapaḥ
tena bhartavyaḥ tena api dviguṇa adhipatiḥ bhartavyaḥ

6. The village headman (grāmikaḥ) may enjoy those provisions (grāmīṇabhojyāni) that are typically allotted to the village. The officer in charge of ten villages (daśapaḥ) should be maintained by the village headman, and the officer in charge of twenty villages (dviguṇādhipaḥ) should, in turn, be maintained by the officer of ten.

Words meanings summery:

• यानि (yāni) - which (which, whatever)

• ग्रामीणभोज्यानि (grāmīṇabhojyāni) - provisions typically allotted to the village (village provisions, things to be enjoyed by villagers, food from the village)

• ग्रामिकः (grāmikaḥ) - the village headman (village headman, village officer)

• तानि (tāni) - those (provisions) (those)

• उपाश्नुयात् (upāśnuyāt) - may enjoy (should enjoy, should consume, should obtain)

• दशपः (daśapaḥ) - the officer in charge of ten villages (lord of ten, officer of ten villages)

• तेन (tena) - by him (the grāmika) (by him, by that)

• भर्तव्यः (bhartavyaḥ) - should be maintained (to be supported, to be maintained, to be nourished)

• तेन (tena) - by him (the daśapa) (by him, by that)

• अपि (api) - in turn (also, even, too)

• द्विगुण (dviguṇa) - double (i.e., twenty, as daśapa is ten) (double, twofold)

• अधिपतिः (adhipatiḥ) - the lord/officer (lord, ruler, chief)

Words meanings and morphology

यानि (yāni) - which (which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ya

ya - which, what, who, that

Relative pronoun.

ग्रामीणभोज्यानि (grāmīṇabhojyāni) - provisions typically allotted to the village (village provisions, things to be enjoyed by villagers, food from the village)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of grāmīṇabhojya

grāmīṇabhojya - fit for a villager to enjoy, village provisions, means of subsistence from a village

Compound of "grāmīṇa" (of the village) and "bhojya" (to be eaten/enjoyed).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (grāmīṇa+bhojya)

• grāmīṇa – belonging to a village, village-born, a villager
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from grāma.
• bhojya – to be eaten, to be enjoyed, food, provision
  Gerundive (noun) (neuter)
  Gerundive (Kṛtya)
  From root 'bhuj' (to enjoy, eat) with suffix -ya.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to resources or produce from the village.

ग्रामिकः (grāmikaḥ) - the village headman (village headman, village officer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grāmika

grāmika - village headman, ruler of a village, a villager

Derived from grāma + ṭhak (ika).

तानि (tāni) - those (provisions) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of "upāśnuyāt".

उपाश्नुयात् (upāśnuyāt) - may enjoy (should enjoy, should consume, should obtain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of upāś

Optative Mood, Ātmanepada

From root 'aś' (to eat, obtain) with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: aś (class 5)

दशपः (daśapaḥ) - the officer in charge of ten villages (lord of ten, officer of ten villages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśapa

daśapa - lord of ten, officer over ten (villages)

Compound of "daśa" (ten) and "pa" (protector/ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśa+pa)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā 'to protect'.
  Root: pā (class 2)

तेन (tena) - by him (the grāmika) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agent of the gerundive "bhartavyaḥ".

भर्तव्यः (bhartavyaḥ) - should be maintained (to be supported, to be maintained, to be nourished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartavya

bhartavya - to be borne, to be supported, to be maintained, to be nourished

Gerundive (Kṛtya)

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) with suffix -tavya.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Predicative adjective for "daśapaḥ".

तेन (tena) - by him (the daśapa) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agent for the implied "bhartavyaḥ" for the dviguṇādhipa.

अपि (api) - in turn (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

द्विगुण (dviguṇa) - double (i.e., twenty, as daśapa is ten) (double, twofold)

(adjective)

masculine, singular of dviguṇa

dviguṇa - twofold, double, twice

Compound of "dvi" (two) and "guṇa" (fold, quality).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, rope, multiplication
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies "adhipati".

अधिपतिः (adhipatiḥ) - the lord/officer (lord, ruler, chief)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhipati

adhipati - lord, ruler, chief, master

From 'adhi' (over) and 'pati' (master).