महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-88, verse-3

ग्रामस्याधिपतिः कार्यो दशग्राम्यस्तथापरः ।
द्विगुणायाः शतस्यैवं सहस्रस्य च कारयेत् ॥३॥

3. grāmasyādhipatiḥ kāryo daśagrāmyastathāparaḥ ,
dviguṇāyāḥ śatasyaivaṁ sahasrasya ca kārayet.

3. grāmasya adhipatiḥ kāryaḥ daśagrāmyaḥ tathā aparaḥ
dviguṇāyāḥ śatasya evam sahasrasya ca kārayet

3. grāmasya adhipatiḥ kāryaḥ tathā aparaḥ daśagrāmyaḥ
evam dviguṇāyāḥ śatasya ca sahasrasya ca kārayet

3. A chief should be appointed for a village, and similarly another for a group of ten villages. Likewise, one should appoint (chiefs) for a group of twenty, for a hundred, and for a thousand villages.

Words meanings summery:

• ग्रामस्य (grāmasya) - of a village

• अधिपतिः (adhipatiḥ) - chief, lord, superintendent

• कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be appointed (should be done, ought to be appointed)

• दशग्राम्यः (daśagrāmyaḥ) - (chief) for ten villages

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - another (chief) (another, other)

• द्विगुणायाः (dviguṇāyāḥ) - of a group of twenty (villages) (of a doubled (quantity/unit), of twenty)

• शतस्य (śatasya) - of a group of a hundred (villages) (of a hundred)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, similarly, in this manner

• सहस्रस्य (sahasrasya) - of a group of a thousand (villages) (of a thousand)

• च (ca) - and, also

• कारयेत् (kārayet) - the king should appoint (he should cause to be made, he should appoint)

Words meanings and morphology

ग्रामस्य (grāmasya) - of a village

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - village, rural community

Note: Qualifies 'adhipatiḥ'.

अधिपतिः (adhipatiḥ) - chief, lord, superintendent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhipati

adhipati - master, ruler, chief, superintendent

From adhi- + pati (master)

Note: Subject of 'kāryaḥ'.

कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be appointed (should be done, ought to be appointed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be made, duty, task

Gerundive

From root √kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicative adjective.

दशग्राम्यः (daśagrāmyaḥ) - (chief) for ten villages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrāmya

daśagrāmya - relating to ten villages, chief of ten villages

Compound 'daśa' (ten) + 'grāmya' (of a village)

Compound type : tatpurusha (daśa+grāmya)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• grāmya – relating to villages, inhabitant of a village
  adjective (masculine)
  From grāma

Note: Implied 'adhipatiḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the appointment of the village chief to that of the ten-village chief.

अपरः (aparaḥ) - another (chief) (another, other)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent

Note: Refers to another 'adhipatiḥ'.

द्विगुणायाः (dviguṇāyāḥ) - of a group of twenty (villages) (of a doubled (quantity/unit), of twenty)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of dviguṇā

dviguṇā - doubled, twice as much, two-fold

Feminine form of dviguṇa

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• guṇa – multiple, fold, quality
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to an implied feminine noun such as 'viṃśati' (twenty) or 'saṅkhyā' (number).

शतस्य (śatasya) - of a group of a hundred (villages) (of a hundred)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śata

śata - hundred, a hundred

Note: Refers to a group of one hundred villages.

एवम् (evam) - thus, similarly, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the previous statement to the upcoming one.

सहस्रस्य (sahasrasya) - of a group of a thousand (villages) (of a thousand)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sahasra

sahasra - thousand, a thousand

Note: Refers to a group of one thousand villages.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

कारयेत् (kārayet) - the king should appoint (he should cause to be made, he should appoint)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active (causal), optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative, Causal

From root √kṛ (to do, make), in causal form. The king causes appointment.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Implied subject is the king.