महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-88, verse-13

उच्चावचकरा न्याय्याः पूर्वराज्ञां युधिष्ठिर ।
यथा यथा न हीयेरंस्तथा कुर्यान्महीपतिः ॥१३॥

13. uccāvacakarā nyāyyāḥ pūrvarājñāṁ yudhiṣṭhira ,
yathā yathā na hīyeraṁstathā kuryānmahīpatiḥ.

13. uccāvacakarāḥ nyāyyāḥ pūrvarājñām yudhiṣṭhira
yathā yathā na hīyeran tathā kuryāt mahīpatiḥ

13. yudhiṣṭhira,
pūrvarājñām uccāvacakarāḥ nyāyyāḥ.
mahīpatiḥ yathā yathā na hīyeran tathā kuryāt.

13. O Yudhishthira, the various taxes of former kings were just. The king should act in such a way that [the kingdom or its people] do not diminish or suffer loss in any way.

Words meanings summery:

• उच्चावचकराः (uccāvacakarāḥ) - various taxes (various kinds of taxes, high and low taxes)

• न्याय्याः (nyāyyāḥ) - just (just, proper, reasonable, lawful)

• पूर्वराज्ञाम् (pūrvarājñām) - of former kings

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira (O Yudhishthira (proper name))

• यथा (yathā) - in whatever way (as, just as, in whatever way)

• यथा (yathā) - in whatever way (as, just as, in whatever way)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हीयेरन् (hīyeran) - [they (the people/kingdom)] should diminish or suffer loss (they should diminish, they should suffer loss, they should be harmed)

• तथा (tathā) - in that way (so, thus, in that way)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should act (should do, should make)

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - the king (king, lord of the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

उच्चावचकराः (uccāvacakarāḥ) - various taxes (various kinds of taxes, high and low taxes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uccāvacakara

uccāvacakara - various kinds of taxes

Compound of ucca (high), avaca (low), and kara (tax).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ucca+avaca+kara)

• ucca – high, lofty
  adjective (masculine)
• avaca – low, small
  adjective (masculine)
• kara – tax, tribute, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do, make) + a suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

न्याय्याः (nyāyyāḥ) - just (just, proper, reasonable, lawful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nyāyya

nyāyya - just, proper, reasonable, lawful, logical

Gerundive

From ni-i (to go into) + ṇya suffix; that which is to be done according to nyāya (justice/logic).

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies uccāvacakarāḥ.

पूर्वराज्ञाम् (pūrvarājñām) - of former kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrvarājan

pūrvarājan - former king

Compound of pūrva and rājan.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+rājan)

• pūrva – former, prior, eastern
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root rāj (to shine, rule) + an suffix.
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Possessive, referring to the origin or tradition of the taxes.

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira (O Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother, "steady in battle")

Compound of yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm, steady).

यथा (yathā) - in whatever way (as, just as, in whatever way)

(indeclinable)

Relates to tathā.

Note: Repeated.

यथा (yathā) - in whatever way (as, just as, in whatever way)

(indeclinable)

Relates to tathā.

Note: Repeated.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

हीयेरन् (hīyeran) - [they (the people/kingdom)] should diminish or suffer loss (they should diminish, they should suffer loss, they should be harmed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hā

Passive Optative Mood, 3rd Person Plural.

From root hā (to go, to leave, to diminish). Passive stem hīyate.

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: The passive form hīyate means "is abandoned, is diminished". Optative for "should not be diminished".

तथा (tathā) - in that way (so, thus, in that way)

(indeclinable)

Correlate of yathā.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should act (should do, should make)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice.

From root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - the king (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound of mahī (earth) and pati (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of kuryāt.