महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-88, verse-10

नगरे नगरे च स्यादेकः सर्वार्थचिन्तकः ।
उच्चैःस्थाने घोररूपो नक्षत्राणामिव ग्रहः ।
भवेत्स तान्परिक्रामेत्सर्वानेव सदा स्वयम् ॥१०॥

10. nagare nagare ca syādekaḥ sarvārthacintakaḥ ,
uccaiḥsthāne ghorarūpo nakṣatrāṇāmiva grahaḥ ,
bhavetsa tānparikrāmetsarvāneva sadā svayam.

10. nagare nagare ca syāt ekaḥ
sarvārthacintakaḥ uccaiḥsthāne ghorarūpaḥ
nakṣatrāṇām iva grahaḥ bhavet saḥ tān
parikrāmet sarvān eva sadā svayam

10. ca nagare nagare ekaḥ sarvārthacintakaḥ
syāt uccaiḥsthāne nakṣatrāṇām
iva ghorarūpaḥ grahaḥ bhavet saḥ sadā
svayam tān sarvān eva parikrāmet

10. And in every city, there should be one superintendent of all affairs, occupying a high position and possessing a formidable appearance, like a planet (graha) among the stars. He should always personally visit and inspect all of them.

Words meanings summery:

• नगरे (nagare) - in each city, denoting a widespread presence (in the city, in a city)

• नगरे (nagare) - in each city, denoting a widespread presence (in the city, in a city)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• स्यात् (syāt) - there should be, expressing a mandate (may be, should be, let it be)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, indicating uniqueness for this role in each city (one, a single)

• सर्वार्थचिन्तकः (sarvārthacintakaḥ) - a high-ranking officer responsible for overseeing all governmental and public affairs in a city (one who considers all matters, general supervisor, superintendent of all affairs)

• उच्चैःस्थाने (uccaiḥsthāne) - holding a powerful and respected office (in a high position, in a prominent place)

• घोररूपः (ghorarūpaḥ) - having an awe-inspiring or fearful presence, implying authority and power (of formidable appearance, fierce-looking)

• नक्षत्राणाम् (nakṣatrāṇām) - among the multitude of celestial bodies (of the stars, of the constellations)

• इव (iva) - like, serving as a comparison (like, as, as if)

• ग्रहः (grahaḥ) - a powerful, influential, and sometimes awe-inspiring celestial body or entity (planet, seizer, demon)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - he should be, expressing a requirement (should be, may be, would be)

• सः (saḥ) - that (superintendent of all affairs) (he, that)

• तान् (tān) - all those cities (nagare nagare) (them)

• परिक्रामेत् (parikrāmet) - should actively tour and inspect the cities/affairs (should go around, should inspect, should travel through)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them, reinforcing the comprehensive nature of the inspection (all, whole)

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the extent or exclusivity of the action (indeed, only, just)

• सदा (sadā) - continually, without interruption (always, constantly)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - by the superintendent himself, emphasizing direct involvement (personally, by oneself)

Words meanings and morphology

नगरे (nagare) - in each city, denoting a widespread presence (in the city, in a city)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Repetition 'nagare nagare' indicates 'in every city'.

नगरे (nagare) - in each city, denoting a widespread presence (in the city, in a city)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Repetition 'nagare nagare' indicates 'in every city'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

स्यात् (syāt) - there should be, expressing a mandate (may be, should be, let it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

optative mood, third person singular

Root: as (class 2)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, indicating uniqueness for this role in each city (one, a single)

(numeral)

सर्वार्थचिन्तकः (sarvārthacintakaḥ) - a high-ranking officer responsible for overseeing all governmental and public affairs in a city (one who considers all matters, general supervisor, superintendent of all affairs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvārthacintaka

sarvārthacintaka - one who thinks of all matters, general supervisor, superintendent of all affairs

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+artha+cintaka)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• artha – matter, purpose, meaning, wealth, affair
  noun (masculine)
• cintaka – thinker, considerer, one who reflects
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  root cint (to think) + aka (suffix)
  Root: cit (class 1)

उच्चैःस्थाने (uccaiḥsthāne) - holding a powerful and respected office (in a high position, in a prominent place)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uccaiḥsthāna

uccaiḥsthāna - high position, prominent place

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uccais+sthāna)

• uccais – high, aloft, loudly, in a high position
  indeclinable
• sthāna – place, position, rank, stand
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

घोररूपः (ghorarūpaḥ) - having an awe-inspiring or fearful presence, implying authority and power (of formidable appearance, fierce-looking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghorarūpa

ghorarūpa - of terrible or formidable appearance, fierce-looking

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghora+rūpa)

• ghora – terrible, dreadful, formidable, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, appearance, shape, nature
  noun (neuter)

नक्षत्राणाम् (nakṣatrāṇām) - among the multitude of celestial bodies (of the stars, of the constellations)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of nakṣatra

nakṣatra - star, constellation, lunar mansion

इव (iva) - like, serving as a comparison (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

ग्रहः (grahaḥ) - a powerful, influential, and sometimes awe-inspiring celestial body or entity (planet, seizer, demon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of graha

graha - planet, seizer, grasping, an astrological planet

Root: grah (class 9)

भवेत् (bhavet) - he should be, expressing a requirement (should be, may be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

optative mood, third person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that (superintendent of all affairs) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तान् (tān) - all those cities (nagare nagare) (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

परिक्रामेत् (parikrāmet) - should actively tour and inspect the cities/affairs (should go around, should inspect, should travel through)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of parikram

optative mood, third person singular

pari (prefix) + kram (to step)

Prefix: pari

Root: kram (class 1)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them, reinforcing the comprehensive nature of the inspection (all, whole)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the extent or exclusivity of the action (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - continually, without interruption (always, constantly)

(indeclinable)

स्वयम् (svayam) - by the superintendent himself, emphasizing direct involvement (personally, by oneself)

(indeclinable)