महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-88, verse-15

यथा राजा च कर्ता च स्यातां कर्मणि भागिनौ ।
समवेक्ष्य तथा राज्ञा प्रणेयाः सततं कराः ॥१५॥

15. yathā rājā ca kartā ca syātāṁ karmaṇi bhāginau ,
samavekṣya tathā rājñā praṇeyāḥ satataṁ karāḥ.

15. yathā rājā ca kartā ca syātām karmaṇi bhāginau
samavekṣya tathā rājñā praṇeyāḥ satatam karāḥ

15. yathā rājā ca kartā ca karmaṇi bhāginau syātām,
tathā rājñā samavekṣya karāḥ satatam praṇeyāḥ.

15. So that both the king and the performing agent (i.e., the taxpayer) may be participants (sharers) in the [economic] activity (karma), the king should therefore, after careful consideration, always levy taxes accordingly.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - so that (as, just as, in whatever way)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कर्ता (kartā) - the performing agent (taxpayer) (doer, agent, creator)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• स्याताम् (syātām) - they both may be (they both should be, might be)

• कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in the [economic] activity (karma) (in the action, in the work, concerning karma)

• भागिनौ (bhāginau) - participants (sharers) (sharers, participants, partakers)

• समवेक्ष्य (samavekṣya) - having carefully considered [this principle] (having considered well, having scrutinized)

• तथा (tathā) - accordingly (so, thus, in that way)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• प्रणेयाः (praṇeyāḥ) - should be levied (should be led forth, should be imposed, should be levied)

• सततम् (satatam) - always (always, constantly, continuously)

• कराः (karāḥ) - taxes (taxes, tributes)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - so that (as, just as, in whatever way)

(indeclinable)

Relates to tathā.

राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject in the first clause.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कर्ता (kartā) - the performing agent (taxpayer) (doer, agent, creator)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, agent, creator

Agent noun (nomen agentis).

From root kṛ (to do) + tṛC suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Co-subject with rājā in the first clause.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

स्याताम् (syātām) - they both may be (they both should be, might be)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Dual, Active Voice.

From root as.

Root: as (class 2)

कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in the [economic] activity (karma) (in the action, in the work, concerning karma)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)

n-stem noun.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Denotes the sphere of participation.

भागिनौ (bhāginau) - participants (sharers) (sharers, participants, partakers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhāgin

bhāgin - sharer, participant, partner, fortunate

From bhāga (share) + in suffix.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for rājā ca kartā ca.

समवेक्ष्य (samavekṣya) - having carefully considered [this principle] (having considered well, having scrutinized)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root īkṣ (to see) with prefixes sam and ava, and lyaP suffix.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - accordingly (so, thus, in that way)

(indeclinable)

Correlate of yathā.

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

प्रणेयाः (praṇeyāḥ) - should be levied (should be led forth, should be imposed, should be levied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nī

nī - to lead, to guide, to carry

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle). Masculine Nominative Plural.

From root nī (to lead) with prefix pra, and ya suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Functions as the main verb in the second clause.

सततम् (satatam) - always (always, constantly, continuously)

(indeclinable)

From sa-tat (to extend continuously).

Prefix: sa

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Adverb modifying praṇeyāḥ.

कराः (karāḥ) - taxes (taxes, tributes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kara

kara - tax, tribute, hand, ray

From root kṛ (to do, make) + a suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the passive praṇeyāḥ.