महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-294, verse-42

तत्त्वानि च चतुर्विंशत्परिसंख्याय तत्त्वतः ।
सांख्याः सह प्रकृत्या तु निस्तत्त्वः पञ्चविंशकः ॥४२॥

42. tattvāni ca caturviṁśatparisaṁkhyāya tattvataḥ ,
sāṁkhyāḥ saha prakṛtyā tu nistattvaḥ pañcaviṁśakaḥ.

42. tattvāni ca caturviṃśat parisaṃkhyāya tattvataḥ
sāṅkhyāḥ saha prakṛtyā tu nistattvaḥ pañcaviṃśakaḥ

42. sāṅkhyāḥ tattvataḥ prakṛtyā saha caturviṃśat tattvāni ca parisaṃkhyāya,
pañcaviṃśakaḥ tu nistattvaḥ (iti vadanti).

42. The Sāṅkhyas, having truly enumerated the twenty-four principles, including (cosmic) nature (prakṛti), declare the twenty-fifth (principle, puruṣa) to be without (these) principles.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्त्वानि (tattvāni) - the constituent categories of existence in Sāṅkhya philosophy (principles, realities, categories)

• च (ca) - and, also

• चतुर्विंशत् (caturviṁśat) - twenty-four

• परिसंख्याय (parisaṁkhyāya) - having enumerated, having counted fully

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, in reality, in essence, according to the principles

• साङ्ख्याः (sāṅkhyāḥ) - the Sāṅkhyas, followers of Sāṅkhya philosophy

• सह (saha) - with, along with, accompanied by

• प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by or with nature, primordial matter

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• निस्तत्त्वः (nistattvaḥ) - refers to puruṣa, the supreme cosmic person, as being beyond the 24 material principles (without principles, beyond categories, devoid of constituent elements)

• पञ्चविंशकः (pañcaviṁśakaḥ) - refers to puruṣa, the supreme cosmic person, as the twenty-fifth principle in Sāṅkhya (the twenty-fifth)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्त्वानि (tattvāni) - the constituent categories of existence in Sāṅkhya philosophy (principles, realities, categories)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tattva

tattva - reality, truth, principle, category, element

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चतुर्विंशत् (caturviṁśat) - twenty-four

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of caturviṃśati

caturviṁśati - twenty-four

Note: Used as a collective noun here, acting as an adjective for 'tattvāni'.

परिसंख्याय (parisaṁkhyāya) - having enumerated, having counted fully

(indeclinable)

Prefixes: pari+sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form of the verb 'parisaṃkhyā'.

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, in reality, in essence, according to the principles

(indeclinable)

साङ्ख्याः (sāṅkhyāḥ) - the Sāṅkhyas, followers of Sāṅkhya philosophy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāṅkhya

sāṅkhya - follower of Sāṅkhya philosophy, an enumerator, rationalist

सह (saha) - with, along with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by or with nature, primordial matter

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, fundamental principle, primary matter, source

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

निस्तत्त्वः (nistattvaḥ) - refers to puruṣa, the supreme cosmic person, as being beyond the 24 material principles (without principles, beyond categories, devoid of constituent elements)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nistattva

nistattva - without principles/categories, beyond elements

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+tattva)

• nis – without, out, free from
  prefix
• tattva – principle, reality, essence, category
  noun (neuter)

पञ्चविंशकः (pañcaviṁśakaḥ) - refers to puruṣa, the supreme cosmic person, as the twenty-fifth principle in Sāṅkhya (the twenty-fifth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcaviṃśaka

pañcaviṁśaka - the twenty-fifth