महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-294, verse-19

तदा तमनुपश्येत यस्मिन्दृष्टे तु कथ्यते ।
हृदयस्थोऽन्तरात्मेति ज्ञेयो ज्ञस्तात मद्विधैः ॥१९॥

19. tadā tamanupaśyeta yasmindṛṣṭe tu kathyate ,
hṛdayastho'ntarātmeti jñeyo jñastāta madvidhaiḥ.

19. tadā tam anupaśyeta yasmin dṛṣṭe tu kathyate
hṛdayasthaḥ antara ātma iti jñeyaḥ jñaḥ tāta madvidhaiḥ

19. tāta tadā yasmin dṛṣṭe tu kathyate hṛdayasthaḥ
antarātmā iti tam anupaśyeta jñaḥ madvidhaiḥ jñeyaḥ

19. Then, my dear (tāta), one should perceive that (self) by seeing which it is said, "This is the inner self (antarātman) residing in the heart," and it is to be known by knowers like me.

Words meanings summery:

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तम् (tam) - that (self) (him, that)

• अनुपश्येत (anupaśyeta) - one should perceive, one should see

• यस्मिन् (yasmin) - by seeing which (with dṛṣṭe) (in which, by whom, on which)

• दृष्टे (dṛṣṭe) - when seen, by seeing (seen, perceived)

• तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, however)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is said, is told, is declared

• हृदयस्थः (hṛdayasthaḥ) - residing in the heart, situated in the heart

• अन्तर (antara) - inner, interior

• आत्म (ātma) - inner self (when combined with 'antara') (self)

• इति (iti) - indicates quoted speech or designation (thus, in this manner)

• ज्ञेयः (jñeyaḥ) - to be known, knowable

• ज्ञः (jñaḥ) - knower, intelligent

• तात (tāta) - my dear (dear one, father (term of endearment))

• मद्विधैः (madvidhaiḥ) - by those like me, by my kind

Words meanings and morphology

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (self) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine accusative singular

Note: Refers to the self.

अनुपश्येत (anupaśyeta) - one should perceive, one should see

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of anupaś

Optative Mood

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada (from root dṛś, 4th class paśya)

Prefix: anu

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The base is paśya which is the stem for dṛś in present tense.

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - by seeing which (with dṛṣṭe) (in which, by whom, on which)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Masculine/neuter locative singular

Note: Refers to the self.

दृष्टे (dṛṣṭe) - when seen, by seeing (seen, perceived)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, perceived, observed

Past Passive Participle

Masculine/neuter locative singular

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Here used with yasmin in a locative absolute construction.

तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is said, is told, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Present Indicative, Passive voice

3rd person singular, Ātmanepada, passive construction

Root: kath (class 10)

हृदयस्थः (hṛdayasthaḥ) - residing in the heart, situated in the heart

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛdayastha

hṛdayastha - residing in the heart, being in the heart

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (hṛdaya+stha)

• hṛdaya – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated in
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

अन्तर (antara) - inner, interior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antara

antara - inner, interior, intermediate, within

Note: It functions as the first part of a compound with ātma, making 'antarātma'.

आत्म (ātma) - inner self (when combined with 'antara') (self)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Nominative singular of ātman, part of the compound antarātma.

इति (iti) - indicates quoted speech or designation (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

ज्ञेयः (jñeyaḥ) - to be known, knowable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñeya

jñeya - to be known, knowable, discernible

Gerundive

From root jñā (to know), suffix -eya

Root: jñā (class 9)

ज्ञः (jñaḥ) - knower, intelligent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jña

jña - knower, intelligent, wise

From root jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

तात (tāta) - my dear (dear one, father (term of endearment))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, sir (term of affection or respect)

मद्विधैः (madvidhaiḥ) - by those like me, by my kind

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of madvidha

madvidha - like me, of my kind, similar to me

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mad+vidha)

• mad – me, my (base form of asmad)
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, manner, form
  noun (masculine)