महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-294, verse-15

स्थाणुवच्चाप्यकम्पः स्याद्गिरिवच्चापि निश्चलः ।
बुधा विधिविधानज्ञास्तदा युक्तं प्रचक्षते ॥१५॥

15. sthāṇuvaccāpyakampaḥ syādgirivaccāpi niścalaḥ ,
budhā vidhividhānajñāstadā yuktaṁ pracakṣate.

15. sthāṇuvat ca api akampaḥ syāt girivat ca api niścalaḥ
budhāḥ vidhividhānajñāḥ tadā yuktam pracakṣate

15. (saḥ) sthāṇuvat ca api akampaḥ syāt girivat ca api niścalaḥ
(syāt) tadā vidhividhānajñāḥ budhāḥ (tam) yuktam pracakṣate

15. He should be unmoving like a pillar and motionless like a mountain. Then, the wise ones who know the proper rules and methods declare him to be 'absorbed in yoga' (yoga).

Words meanings summery:

• स्थाणुवत् (sthāṇuvat) - like a post, like a tree trunk, like a pillar

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अकम्पः (akampaḥ) - unshaking, firm, immovable

• स्यात् (syāt) - he should be, may be

• गिरिवत् (girivat) - like a mountain

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• निश्चलः (niścalaḥ) - motionless, unmoving, steady

• बुधाः (budhāḥ) - wise ones, learned persons

• विधिविधानज्ञाः (vidhividhānajñāḥ) - knowers of rules and ordinances, those who understand proper procedures

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - absorbed in yoga (yoga) (disciplined, absorbed, connected, appropriate)

• प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they declare, they describe, they call

Words meanings and morphology

स्थाणुवत् (sthāṇuvat) - like a post, like a tree trunk, like a pillar

(indeclinable)

From root sthā (to stand), with the suffix vat (like).

Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अकम्पः (akampaḥ) - unshaking, firm, immovable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akampa

akampa - unshaking, firm, steady, immovable

Negative prefix a- + kampa (shaking).

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (a+kampa)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• kampa – shaking, trembling, vibration
  noun (masculine)
  From root kamp (to tremble)
  Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Refers to the person practicing meditation.

स्यात् (syāt) - he should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

From root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

गिरिवत् (girivat) - like a mountain

(indeclinable)

From giri (mountain) with suffix vat (like).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

निश्चलः (niścalaḥ) - motionless, unmoving, steady

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścala

niścala - motionless, unmoving, steady, firm

From prefix nir- (negative) + cala (moving).

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (nis+cala)

• nis – out, away, without (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• cala – moving, trembling, unsteady
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cal (to move)
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for the implied agent.

बुधाः (budhāḥ) - wise ones, learned persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, learned, intelligent, a wise man

From root budh (to know)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of pracakṣate.

विधिविधानज्ञाः (vidhividhānajñāḥ) - knowers of rules and ordinances, those who understand proper procedures

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidhividhānajña

vidhividhānajña - knower of rules and ordinances, expert in methodology

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vidhi+vidhāna+jña)

• vidhi – rule, injunction, method, ordinance
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + root dhā (to place, arrange)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• vidhāna – arrangement, manner, method, rule
  noun (neuter)
  From vi- + root dhā (to place, arrange)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• jña – knowing, understanding, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies budhāḥ.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From the pronoun tad (that)

युक्तम् (yuktam) - absorbed in yoga (yoga) (disciplined, absorbed, connected, appropriate)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, united, appropriate, proper, concentrated, absorbed in yoga

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join, to yoke, to concentrate).

Root: yuj (class 7)

प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they declare, they describe, they call

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of pracakṣ

Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

From prefix pra- + root cakṣ (to see, to speak).

Prefix: pra

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: The subject is budhāḥ.