महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-38, verse-30

राजकार्याणि तत्रस्थः सर्वाण्येवाकरोच्च सः ।
मन्त्रिभिः सह धर्मज्ञः समन्तात्परिरक्षितः ॥३०॥

30. rājakāryāṇi tatrasthaḥ sarvāṇyevākarocca saḥ ,
mantribhiḥ saha dharmajñaḥ samantātparirakṣitaḥ.

30. rājakāryāṇi tatrasthaḥ sarvāṇi eva akarot ca saḥ
mantribhiḥ saha dharmajñaḥ samantāt parirakṣitaḥ

30. While residing there, he, who was knowledgeable in dharma and protected on all sides by his ministers, performed all royal duties.

Words meanings summery:

• राजकार्याणि (rājakāryāṇi) - the administrative tasks and responsibilities of a king (royal duties, state affairs)

• तत्रस्थः (tatrasthaḥ) - while being present in that specific place (standing there, residing there)

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all of the royal duties (all, every)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing that he performed all duties (indeed, only, certainly)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he carried out the royal duties (he did, he made, he performed)

• च (ca) - connects the actions or descriptions (and, also)

• सः (saḥ) - refers to the king (Parīkṣit) (he, that)

• मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by his advisors and officials (by ministers)

• सह (saha) - accompanied by his ministers (with, together with)

• धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - having knowledge of righteous conduct and duty, implying he ruled justly; qualifies 'saḥ' (knowing dharma, righteous, virtuous)

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - indicating comprehensive protection (from all sides, all around)

• परिरक्षितः (parirakṣitaḥ) - kept safe from harm; qualifies 'saḥ' (protected, guarded)

Words meanings and morphology

राजकार्याणि (rājakāryāṇi) - the administrative tasks and responsibilities of a king (royal duties, state affairs)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rājakārya

rājakārya - king's work, royal duty, state affair

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+kārya)

• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• kārya – work, action, duty, affair; to be done
  noun (neuter)
  future passive participle
  root kṛ (to do) + suffix -ya
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत्रस्थः (tatrasthaḥ) - while being present in that specific place (standing there, residing there)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tatrastha

tatrastha - standing or staying there, residing there

derived from 'tatra' (there) and root 'sthā' (to stand, stay)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (tatra+stha)

• tatra – there, in that place
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, situated, being
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  root sthā + suffix a
  Root: sthā (class 1)

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all of the royal duties (all, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, complete

एव (eva) - emphasizing that he performed all duties (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अकरोत् (akarot) - he carried out the royal duties (he did, he made, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The initial 'a' is the augment for past tenses.

च (ca) - connects the actions or descriptions (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - refers to the king (Parīkṣit) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by his advisors and officials (by ministers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor, advisor

from mantra (counsel) + -in (possessing)

सह (saha) - accompanied by his ministers (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - having knowledge of righteous conduct and duty, implying he ruled justly; qualifies 'saḥ' (knowing dharma, righteous, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing dharma, righteous, virtuous, cognizant of duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – duty, righteousness, law, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  root jñā + suffix a
  Root: jñā (class 9)

समन्तात् (samantāt) - indicating comprehensive protection (from all sides, all around)

(indeclinable)

formed with the ablative suffix -tāt

परिरक्षितः (parirakṣitaḥ) - kept safe from harm; qualifies 'saḥ' (protected, guarded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parirakṣita

parirakṣita - protected, guarded, preserved

past passive participle

root rakṣ (to protect) + prefix pari + suffix kta (ta)

Prefix: pari

Root: rakṣ (class 1)