महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-38, verse-19

तेन शप्तोऽसि राजेन्द्र पितुरज्ञातमद्य वै ।
तक्षकः सप्तरात्रेण मृत्युस्ते वै भविष्यति ॥१९॥

19. tena śapto'si rājendra piturajñātamadya vai ,
takṣakaḥ saptarātreṇa mṛtyuste vai bhaviṣyati.

19. tena śaptaḥ asi rājendra pituḥ ajñātam adya vai
takṣakaḥ saptarātreṇa mṛtyuḥ te vai bhaviṣyati

19. O King, by him (the son), unknown to his father, you have been cursed today: 'Takṣaka will indeed be your death within seven nights!'

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by him (Śamīka's son, Śṛṅgi) (by him, by that)

• शप्तः (śaptaḥ) - cursed

• असि (asi) - you are

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King (Parikṣit) (O king of kings, O Indra among kings)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of Śamīka (of the father)

• अज्ञातम् (ajñātam) - unknown to the father (unknown, unnoticed)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, verily)

• तक्षकः (takṣakaḥ) - Takṣaka (name of a nāga)

• सप्तरात्रेण (saptarātreṇa) - within seven nights, by seven nights

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

• ते (te) - your, of you

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, verily)

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by him (Śamīka's son, Śṛṅgi) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agent of the passive participle śaptaḥ.

शप्तः (śaptaḥ) - cursed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śapta

śapta - cursed, sworn

past passive participle

from root śap (to curse, swear)

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense

Present tense 2nd singular active

Root: as (class 2)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King (Parikṣit) (O king of kings, O Indra among kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, chief of kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (god)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of Śamīka (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Possessive adjective for ajñātam.

अज्ञातम् (ajñātam) - unknown to the father (unknown, unnoticed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ajñāta

ajñāta - unknown, unnoticed

past passive participle

from root jñā (to know) with negation 'a'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāta)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
• jñāta – known
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Adverbially modifies the curse action.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

तक्षकः (takṣakaḥ) - Takṣaka (name of a nāga)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - Takṣaka (a king of serpents), carpenter

agent noun

from root takṣ (to cut, to form)

Root: takṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of bhaviṣyati.

सप्तरात्रेण (saptarātreṇa) - within seven nights, by seven nights

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of saptarātra

saptarātra - period of seven nights

Compound type : dvigu (saptan+rātra)

• saptan – seven
  numeral
• rātra – night (as part of a day-night cycle)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrumental of duration, meaning "within".

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death

action noun

from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Predicative nominative for 'te' (your death).

ते (te) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive adjective for mṛtyuḥ.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

future tense

Future tense 3rd singular active

Root: bhū (class 1)