महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-38, verse-13

सूत उवाच ।
एवमादिश्य शिष्यं स प्रेषयामास सुव्रतः ।
परिक्षिते नृपतये दयापन्नो महातपाः ॥१३॥

13. sūta uvāca ,
evamādiśya śiṣyaṁ sa preṣayāmāsa suvrataḥ ,
parikṣite nṛpataye dayāpanno mahātapāḥ.

13. sūtaḥ uvāca evam ādiśya śiṣyam saḥ preṣayām āsa
suvrattaḥ parikṣite nṛpataye dayāpannaḥ mahātapāḥ

13. Sūta said: Having thus instructed his disciple, that virtuous great ascetic, filled with compassion, dispatched him to King Parikṣit.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator of the Mahābhārata) (charioteer, bard, narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Sūta said (he said, he spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - in this way (referring to the previous instruction) (thus, in this manner)

• आदिश्य (ādiśya) - after giving instructions (having instructed, having commanded)

• शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - his disciple (Gauramukha, from next verse) (disciple, student)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Śamīka) (he)

• प्रेषयाम् (preṣayām) - part of the periphrastic perfect 'he sent' (having sent)

• आस (āsa) - auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect 'he sent' (he was, he became)

• सुव्रत्तः (suvrattaḥ) - the virtuous sage (Śamīka) (virtuous, pious, of good vows)

• परिक्षिते (parikṣite) - to King Parikṣit (to Parikṣit)

• नृपतये (nṛpataye) - to the king (Parikṣit) (to the king)

• दयापन्नः (dayāpannaḥ) - compassionate, full of pity (filled with compassion, having attained pity)

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - the great sage (Śamīka) (of great austerity, great ascetic)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator of the Mahābhārata) (charioteer, bard, narrator)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, narrator, a caste born of a Kṣatriya father and Brāhmaṇa mother

Root: sū (class 6)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - Sūta said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - in this way (referring to the previous instruction) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'ādiśya'.

आदिश्य (ādiśya) - after giving instructions (having instructed, having commanded)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

From root `diś` with `ā` prefix, and `lyap` suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - his disciple (Gauramukha, from next verse) (disciple, student)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - pupil, student, disciple

gerundive / passive participle

From root `śās` (to teach, to instruct) + `ya` suffix.

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Object of 'ādiśya' and implied object of 'preṣayām āsa'.

सः (saḥ) - he (Śamīka) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'preṣayām āsa'.

प्रेषयाम् (preṣayām) - part of the periphrastic perfect 'he sent' (having sent)

(verb)

causative

Causative stem of `iṣ` with `pra` prefix.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Used with auxiliary `āsa` to form the periphrastic perfect.

आस (āsa) - auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect 'he sent' (he was, he became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used with 'preṣayām' to form the periphrastic perfect.

सुव्रत्तः (suvrattaḥ) - the virtuous sage (Śamīka) (virtuous, pious, of good vows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suvrata

suvrata - of good vows, pious, virtuous, devout

From `su` (good) + `vrata` (vow, religious observance).

Compound type : karmadhāraya / bahuvrīhi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (Śamīka).

परिक्षिते (parikṣite) - to King Parikṣit (to Parikṣit)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of parikṣit

parikṣit - Parikṣit (name of a king, son of Abhimanyu)

Note: Recipient of the message/messenger.

नृपतये (nṛpataye) - to the king (Parikṣit) (to the king)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, monarch

From `nṛ` (man) + `pati` (master, lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'parikṣite'.

दयापन्नः (dayāpannaḥ) - compassionate, full of pity (filled with compassion, having attained pity)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dayāpanna

dayāpanna - filled with pity, compassionate, sorrowful

From `dayā` (pity, compassion) + `āpanna` (attained, reached).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dayā+āpanna)

• dayā – pity, compassion, sympathy
  noun (feminine)
  Root: day (class 1)
• āpanna – obtained, reached, subjected to
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  From verb root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with 'ā' prefix + 'kta' suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (Śamīka).

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - the great sage (Śamīka) (of great austerity, great ascetic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - of great asceticism, a great ascetic

From `mahā` (great) + `tapas` (austerity).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tapas – austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (Śamīka).