महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-126, verse-21

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततो द्रोणाभ्यनुज्ञातः पार्थः परपुरंजयः ।
भ्रातृभिस्त्वरयाश्लिष्टो रणायोपजगाम तम् ॥२१॥

21. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tato droṇābhyanujñātaḥ pārthaḥ parapuraṁjayaḥ ,
bhrātṛbhistvarayāśliṣṭo raṇāyopajagāma tam.

21. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ droṇābhyanujñātaḥ pārthaḥ
parapurajayaḥ bhrātṛbhiḥ tvarayā āśliṣṭaḥ raṇāya upajagāma tam

21. Vaiśaṃpāyana said, "Then Pārtha (Arjuna), who was a conqueror of enemy cities, having been given permission by Droṇa, was quickly embraced by his brothers and proceeded towards him (Karṇa) for battle."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The sage Vaiśaṃpāyana, narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

• द्रोणाभ्यनुज्ञातः (droṇābhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted by the guru Droṇa (permitted by Droṇa)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna)

• परपुरजयः (parapurajayaḥ) - conqueror of enemy cities

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers

• त्वरया (tvarayā) - quickly, with haste

• आश्लिष्टः (āśliṣṭaḥ) - embraced, hugged

• रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle, for war

• उपजगाम (upajagāma) - approached, went near

• तम् (tam) - him (Karṇa) (him, that)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The sage Vaiśaṃpāyana, narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a celebrated sage, pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

(indeclinable)

द्रोणाभ्यनुज्ञातः (droṇābhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted by the guru Droṇa (permitted by Droṇa)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇābhyanujñāta

droṇābhyanujñāta - permitted by Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+abhyanujñāta)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of the preceptor of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• abhyanujñāta – permitted, allowed, sanctioned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √jñā ('to know, perceive') with prefixes abhi and anu
  Prefixes: abhi+anu
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies `pārthaḥ`.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); a name of Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, or Bhīma

derived from Pṛthā + aṇ suffix

परपुरजयः (parapurajayaḥ) - conqueror of enemy cities

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parapurajaya

parapurajaya - conqueror of hostile cities

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parapura+jaya)

• parapura – enemy city
  noun (neuter)
  tatpuruṣa compound of para ('enemy') and pura ('city')
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  from √ji 'to conquer'
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Modifies `pārthaḥ`.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Agent of the past passive participle `āśliṣṭaḥ`.

त्वरया (tvarayā) - quickly, with haste

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tvarā

tvarā - haste, quickness, speed

from √tvar 'to hasten'

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially, 'with haste'.

आश्लिष्टः (āśliṣṭaḥ) - embraced, hugged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśliṣṭa

āśliṣṭa - embraced, clasped, clung to, joined

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √śliṣ ('to cling, embrace') with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: śliṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies `pārthaḥ`.

रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle, for war

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, fight, combat, delight

Note: Denotes purpose.

उपजगाम (upajagāma) - approached, went near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of upagam

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active of √gam (1st class) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (Karṇa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of `upajagāma`.