महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-126, verse-8

सोऽब्रवीन्मेघधीरेण स्वरेण वदतां वरः ।
भ्राता भ्रातरमज्ञातं सावित्रः पाकशासनिम् ॥८॥

8. so'bravīnmeghadhīreṇa svareṇa vadatāṁ varaḥ ,
bhrātā bhrātaramajñātaṁ sāvitraḥ pākaśāsanim.

8. saḥ abravīt meghadhīreṇa svareṇa vadatām varaḥ
bhrātā bhrātaram ajñātam sāvitraḥ pākaśāsinim

8. That best among speakers, with a voice deep like a thundercloud, spoke. The son of Savitri (sāvitra) addressed his unknown brother, the son of Pakaśāsana (pākaśāsani).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• मेघधीरेण (meghadhīreṇa) - with a voice deep/solemn like a cloud

• स्वरेण (svareṇa) - by voice, with a voice

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of those who speak, among speakers

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, choicest

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother (accusative)

• अज्ञातम् (ajñātam) - unknown

• सावित्रः (sāvitraḥ) - Karna (son of Savitri (the Sun god))

• पाकशासिनिम् (pākaśāsinim) - Arjuna (son of Pakaśāsana (Indra))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Karna.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Root brū (to speak), third person singular imperfect.

मेघधीरेण (meghadhīreṇa) - with a voice deep/solemn like a cloud

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of meghadhīra

meghadhīra - deep and resonant like a cloud's thunder

Compound type : Tatpurusha (megha+dhīra)

• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
• dhīra – deep, firm, grave, steady
  adjective

Note: Qualifies svareṇa.

स्वरेण (svareṇa) - by voice, with a voice

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svara

svara - sound, voice, tone

Root: svṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of speaking.

वदताम् (vadatām) - of those who speak, among speakers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, speaker

Present Active Participle

root 'vad' + '-at' suffix

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Possessive/partitive genitive with varaḥ.

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, choicest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies the speaker (Karna).

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Refers to Karna, the speaker.

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Refers to Arjuna, the addressed brother.

अज्ञातम् (ajñātam) - unknown

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajñāta

ajñāta - unknown, unnoticed

Past Passive Participle

negative prefix 'a' + root 'jñā' + '-ta' suffix

Prefix: a

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies bhrātaram.

सावित्रः (sāvitraḥ) - Karna (son of Savitri (the Sun god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāvitra

sāvitra - belonging to Savitri (the sun god), son of Savitri

Taddhita derivation from Savitṛ

Note: Appositive to bhrātā.

पाकशासिनिम् (pākaśāsinim) - Arjuna (son of Pakaśāsana (Indra))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pākaśāsinin

pākaśāsinin - descendant of Pakaśāsana (an epithet for Indra), son of Indra

Derived from Pākaśāsana, which is an epithet for Indra (slayer of Pāka).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pākaśāsana+in)

• pākaśāsana – slayer of Pāka (an epithet of Indra)
  proper noun (masculine)
• in – suffix for 'descendant of'
  suffix

Note: Appositive to bhrātaram.