महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-126, verse-12

ततो द्रोणाभ्यनुज्ञातः कर्णः प्रियरणः सदा ।
यत्कृतं तत्र पार्थेन तच्चकार महाबलः ॥१२॥

12. tato droṇābhyanujñātaḥ karṇaḥ priyaraṇaḥ sadā ,
yatkṛtaṁ tatra pārthena taccakāra mahābalaḥ.

12. tataḥ droṇābhyanujñātaḥ karṇaḥ priyaraṇaḥ sadā
yat kṛtam tatra pārthena tat cakāra mahābalaḥ

12. Then, the mighty Karṇa, who was always fond of battle and had been permitted by Droṇa, performed exactly what Arjuna (Pārtha) had done there.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• द्रोणाभ्यनुज्ञातः (droṇābhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted by Droṇa, sanctioned by Droṇa

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (name of a warrior)

• प्रियरणः (priyaraṇaḥ) - fond of battle, loving war

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that case

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Arjuna, by the son of Pṛthā

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• चकार (cakāra) - did, performed, made

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, greatly powerful, of great strength

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of sequence.

द्रोणाभ्यनुज्ञातः (droṇābhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted by Droṇa, sanctioned by Droṇa

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇābhyanujñāta

droṇābhyanujñāta - permitted by Droṇa, sanctioned by Droṇa

Compound formed from Droṇa and abhyanujñāta

Compound type : instrumental tatpuruṣa (droṇa+abhyanujñāta)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a teacher)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: dru (class 1)
• abhyanujñāta – permitted, sanctioned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root jñā (to know) with prefixes abhi- and anu-
  Prefixes: abhi+anu
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'karṇaḥ'.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a warrior), ear

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'cakāra'.

प्रियरणः (priyaraṇaḥ) - fond of battle, loving war

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priyaraṇa

priyaraṇa - fond of battle

Compound formed from priya and raṇa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (priya+raṇa)

• priya – dear, beloved, fond of
  adjective
  Root: prī (class 9)
• raṇa – battle, war
  noun (masculine)
  from root raṇ (to sound, to rejoice)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'karṇaḥ'.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb

Note: Modifies 'priyaraṇaḥ'.

यत् (yat) - whatever, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Object of 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate with implied verb 'to be'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that case

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb derived from tad

पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Arjuna, by the son of Pṛthā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

derived from Pṛthā

Note: Agent of 'kṛtam'.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

चकार (cakāra) - did, performed, made

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect

Perfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, greatly powerful, of great strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - mighty, greatly powerful

Compound formed from mahā and bala

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Feminine stem of mahant, used as first member of compounds
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'karṇaḥ'.