महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-126, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
दत्तेऽवकाशे पुरुषैर्विस्मयोत्फुल्ललोचनैः ।
विवेश रङ्गं विस्तीर्णं कर्णः परपुरंजयः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
datte'vakāśe puruṣairvismayotphullalocanaiḥ ,
viveśa raṅgaṁ vistīrṇaṁ karṇaḥ parapuraṁjayaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca datte avakāśe puruṣaiḥ vismayotphullalocanaiḥ
viveśa raṅgam vistīrṇam karṇaḥ parapuraṃjayaḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: As men with eyes wide open in wonder made way, Karṇa, the conqueror of enemy cities, entered the spacious arena.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• दत्ते (datte) - made (way) (given, made)

• अवकाशे (avakāśe) - locative absolute: 'when space was made/given' (in space, in opportunity, when space was made)

• पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men, by people

• विस्मयोत्फुल्ललोचनैः (vismayotphullalocanaiḥ) - by those whose eyes were wide open in wonder

• विवेश (viveśa) - entered

• रङ्गम् (raṅgam) - arena, stage

• विस्तीर्णम् (vistīrṇam) - spacious, vast, wide

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• परपुरंजयः (parapuraṁjayaḥ) - conqueror of enemy cities

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

दत्ते (datte) - made (way) (given, made)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, placed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dā (to give) with suffix -ta (kta)

Root: dā (class 3)

अवकाशे (avakāśe) - locative absolute: 'when space was made/given' (in space, in opportunity, when space was made)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of avakāśa

avakāśa - space, room, opportunity, scope

Derived from root kāś (to shine) with upasarga ava (down)

Prefix: ava

Root: kāś (class 1)

पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men, by people

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, human being

विस्मयोत्फुल्ललोचनैः (vismayotphullalocanaiḥ) - by those whose eyes were wide open in wonder

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vismayotphullalocana

vismayotphullalocana - having eyes wide open in wonder

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vismaya+utphulla+locana)

• vismaya – wonder, astonishment, surprise
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root smī (to smile) with upasarga vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smī (class 1)
• utphulla – blooming, wide open, expanded
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root phull (to bloom, expand) with upasarga ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: phull (class 1)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root loc (to see)
  Root: loc (class 1)

विवेश (viveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular of root viś with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: viś (class 6)

रङ्गम् (raṅgam) - arena, stage

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṅga

raṅga - stage, arena, theater, ground for contests

विस्तीर्णम् (vistīrṇam) - spacious, vast, wide

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vistīrṇa

vistīrṇa - spread out, extensive, spacious, vast

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root stṛ (to spread) with upasarga vi, and suffix -ṇa (kta)

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (a central character in the Mahābhārata), ear

परपुरंजयः (parapuraṁjayaḥ) - conqueror of enemy cities

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parapuraṃjaya

parapuraṁjaya - conqueror of enemy cities, vanquisher of foes

Compound of para (enemy), pura (city), and jaya (conquering) from root ji (to conquer)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (para+pura+jaya)

• para – other, enemy, superior
  adjective (masculine)
• pura – city, fortress
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  kṛt suffix
  Derived from root ji (to conquer) with suffix 'a'
  Root: ji (class 1)