महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-126, verse-13

अथ दुर्योधनस्तत्र भ्रातृभिः सह भारत ।
कर्णं परिष्वज्य मुदा ततो वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१३॥

13. atha duryodhanastatra bhrātṛbhiḥ saha bhārata ,
karṇaṁ pariṣvajya mudā tato vacanamabravīt.

13. atha duryodhanaḥ tatra bhrātṛbhiḥ saha bhārata
karṇam pariṣvajya mudā tataḥ vacanam abravīt

13. Then, O Bhārata, Duryodhana, accompanied by his brothers, joyfully embraced Karṇa there and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers, with brothers

• सह (saha) - with, along with, together with

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - embracing, hugging

• मुदा (mudā) - with joy, happily, delightedly

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, utterance

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said, uttered

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating sequence or beginning

Note: Adverb of time.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

Compound meaning 'hard to fight with'

Compound type : praśānta-prāti-tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  from root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb derived from tad

Note: Refers to the location of the event.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers, with brothers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Indicates accompaniment with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, along with, together with

(indeclinable)

Preposition

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Governs 'bhrātṛbhiḥ'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, name of a country

Patronymic from Bharata

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a warrior), ear

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'pariṣvajya'.

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - embracing, hugging

(indeclinable)

Gerund

Gerund (absolutive) form from root svaj with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

Note: Adverbial participle.

मुदा (mudā) - with joy, happily, delightedly

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Indicates the manner of embracing; used adverbially.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of sequence.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, utterance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said, uttered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect

Imperfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, from root brū

Root: brū (class 2)