योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-38, verse-12

यादृक्सत्तानि काष्ठानि तादृग्रूपं त्वचेतनम् ।
जानन्ति नेतरत्तस्माद्दृश्यं चिद्दृश्यचेतनम् ॥ १२ ॥

yādṛksattāni kāṣṭhāni tādṛgrūpaṃ tvacetanam ,
jānanti netarattasmāddṛśyaṃ ciddṛśyacetanam 12

12. yādṛksattāni kāṣṭhāni tādṛgrūpam tu acetanam
jānanti na itarat tasmāt dṛśyam cit dṛśyacetanam

12. yādṛksattāni kāṣṭhāni tu acetanam tādṛgrūpam
jānanti na itarat tasmāt dṛśyam cit dṛśyacetanam

12. Just as pieces of wood, being of an inert nature, relate only to things of their own kind and are themselves unconscious, knowing nothing else; therefore, the seen (dṛśyam) is (of the nature of) consciousness (cit), and [thus] the seen (dṛśya) is conscious (cetanam).

Words meanings summery:

• यादृक्सत्तानि (yādṛksattāni) - of an inert nature (of such a nature, of such an existence)

• काष्ठानि (kāṣṭhāni) - pieces of wood (pieces of wood, timbers)

• तादृग्रूपम् (tādṛgrūpam) - things of a similar (inert) form (of such a form, of such a nature)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious (unconscious, insentient, inert)

• जानन्ति (jānanti) - they (pieces of wood) know/relate (they know, they perceive)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• इतरत् (itarat) - anything else (other than its own kind) (other, another)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - the seen (the seen, what is visible, object of sight)

• चित् (cit) - (of the nature of) consciousness (cit) (consciousness, pure thought, intelligence)

• दृश्यचेतनम् (dṛśyacetanam) - the seen is conscious (the seen is conscious, conscious object to be seen)

Words meanings and morphology

यादृक्सत्तानि (yādṛksattāni) - of an inert nature (of such a nature, of such an existence)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yādṛksattā

yādṛksattā - of such a nature or existence

Compound: yādṛk (of such a kind) + sattā (existence, being).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yādṛk+sattā)

• yādṛk – of what kind, such as
  adjective
• sattā – existence, being, reality, nature
  noun (feminine)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `kāṣṭhāni`.

काष्ठानि (kāṣṭhāni) - pieces of wood (pieces of wood, timbers)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - wood, timber, a piece of wood

तादृग्रूपम् (tādṛgrūpam) - things of a similar (inert) form (of such a form, of such a nature)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tādṛgrūpa

tādṛgrūpa - of such a form, of such a nature or kind

Compound: tādṛk (of such a kind) + rūpa (form, nature).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tādṛk+rūpa)

• tādṛk – of such a kind, similar
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, nature, appearance
  noun (neuter)

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious (unconscious, insentient, inert)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of acetana

acetana - unconscious, insentient, inanimate, non-sentient

Compound: a- (negation) + cetana (conscious).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cetana)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• cetana – conscious, sentient, animate
  adjective
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Adjective describing `tādṛgrūpam`.

जानन्ति (jānanti) - they (pieces of wood) know/relate (they know, they perceive)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

present tense, active voice

Third person plural present indicative of root 'jñā' (9th class).

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

इतरत् (itarat) - anything else (other than its own kind) (other, another)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of itara

itara - other, another, different

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of `itara`.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad'.

दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - the seen (the seen, what is visible, object of sight)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - visible, to be seen, an object of sight, the seen

gerundive (future passive participle)

From root dṛś + ya suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

चित् (cit) - (of the nature of) consciousness (cit) (consciousness, pure thought, intelligence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cit

cit - consciousness, pure thought, intelligence, spirit, Brahman (brahman)

From root cit (to perceive, know).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: A key concept in Vedānta, referring to ultimate consciousness.

दृश्यचेतनम् (dṛśyacetanam) - the seen is conscious (the seen is conscious, conscious object to be seen)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśyacetana

dṛśyacetana - the seen (dṛśya) and the conscious (cetana), or the seen that is conscious

Compound: dṛśya (seen) + cetana (conscious).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dṛśya+cetana)

• dṛśya – visible, to be seen, object of sight
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive
  From root dṛś + ya suffix.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• cetana – conscious, sentient, animate
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)