योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-5

कथं मृतस्य वै जन्तोर्विषयं स्वं न पश्यति ।
जीवतश्च कथं सर्वं विषयं स्वं प्रपश्यति ॥ ५ ॥

kathaṃ mṛtasya vai jantorviṣayaṃ svaṃ na paśyati ,
jīvataśca kathaṃ sarvaṃ viṣayaṃ svaṃ prapaśyati 5

5. katham mṛtasya vai jantoḥ viṣayam svam na paśyati
jīvataḥ ca katham sarvam viṣayam svam prapaśyati

5. katham vai mṛtasya jantoḥ svam viṣayam na paśyati
ca katham jīvataḥ svam sarvam viṣayam prapaśyati

5. How indeed does a dead creature not perceive its own sensory objects? And how does a living creature perceive all its sensory objects?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• मृतस्य (mṛtasya) - of the dead one, for a dead (being)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of a creature, for a living being

• विषयम् (viṣayam) - sensory object, object of sense, subject

• स्वम् (svam) - one's own, own

• न (na) - not, no

• पश्यति (paśyati) - perceives, sees

• जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of the living one, for a living (being)

• च (ca) - and, also

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, whole

• विषयम् (viṣayam) - sensory object, object of sense, subject

• स्वम् (svam) - one's own, own

• प्रपश्यति (prapaśyati) - perceives, sees

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

मृतस्य (mṛtasya) - of the dead one, for a dead (being)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, lifeless

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mṛ' (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of a creature, for a living being

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - creature, living being, animal

From root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

विषयम् (viṣayam) - sensory object, object of sense, subject

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - object of sense, sphere, domain, subject, matter

स्वम् (svam) - one's own, own

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, own, proper, inherent

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पश्यति (paśyati) - perceives, sees

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Active Voice

Class 1 verb, uses 'paśya' stem in present tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of the living one, for a living (being)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, existing

Present Active Participle

From root 'jīv' (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything, whole

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

विषयम् (viṣayam) - sensory object, object of sense, subject

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - object of sense, sphere, domain, subject, matter

स्वम् (svam) - one's own, own

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, own, proper, inherent

प्रपश्यति (prapaśyati) - perceives, sees

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Active Voice

Class 1 verb, uses 'paśya' stem in present tense, with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)