योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-37

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
अत्यन्तजडयोरेव जीवयोरिव तन्मिथः ।
प्रतिबिम्बं दृशो भ्रान्ति विद्धि वेद्यविदां वर ॥ ३७ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
atyantajaḍayoreva jīvayoriva tanmithaḥ ,
pratibimbaṃ dṛśo bhrānti viddhi vedyavidāṃ vara 37

37. śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca atyantajaḍayoḥ eva jīvayoḥ iva tat
mithaḥ pratibimbam dṛśaḥ bhrānti viddhi vedyavidām vara

37. śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca vedyavidām vara viddhi tat mithaḥ
pratibimbam dṛśaḥ bhrānti atyantajaḍayoḥ eva jīvayoḥ iva

37. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: "O best among those who know the knowable (vedya), know that this mutual reflection is merely an illusion of perception (dṛś), just like the interaction between two extremely inert individual souls (jīva)."

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठ (śrīvasiṣṭha) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (revered sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अत्यन्तजडयोः (atyantajaḍayoḥ) - of two extremely inert, of two utterly unconscious

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

• जीवयोः (jīvayoḥ) - of two individual souls (jīva)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• तत् (tat) - that, that one

• मिथः (mithaḥ) - mutually, reciprocally

• प्रतिबिम्बम् (pratibimbam) - reflection, image

• दृशः (dṛśaḥ) - of vision, of perception, of sight

• भ्रान्ति (bhrānti) - illusion, delusion, error

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• वेद्यविदाम् (vedyavidām) - of those who know the knowable

• वर (vara) - best, excellent, superior

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठ (śrīvasiṣṭha) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (revered sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - revered Vasiṣṭha

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – splendor, prosperity, revered
  adjective (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent Vedic sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्यन्तजडयोः (atyantajaḍayoḥ) - of two extremely inert, of two utterly unconscious

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of atyantajaḍa

atyantajaḍa - extremely inert, utterly unconscious/dull

Compound of atyanta (extreme) and jaḍa (inert)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (atyanta+jaḍa)

• atyanta – extreme, exceeding, very much
  adjective
  from ati-anta (beyond end)
  Prefix: ati
• jaḍa – inert, dull, unconscious, senseless
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `jīvayoḥ`

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the 'two inert ones'

जीवयोः (jīvayoḥ) - of two individual souls (jīva)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of jīva

jīva - individual soul, living being

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Refers to two individual souls, possibly the reflected image and the original object, both being 'inert' in the sense of not being the ultimate conscious reality.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

तत् (tat) - that, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to the 'reflection' (pratibimbam).

मिथः (mithaḥ) - mutually, reciprocally

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies `pratibimbam`.

प्रतिबिम्बम् (pratibimbam) - reflection, image

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratibimba

pratibimba - reflection, image, counterpart

from prati-bimb (to reflect)

Prefix: prati

Root: bimb (class 1)

Note: The subject of the illusion.

दृशः (dṛśaḥ) - of vision, of perception, of sight

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of dṛś

dṛś - sight, vision, perception

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `bhrānti`.

भ्रान्ति (bhrānti) - illusion, delusion, error

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhrānti

bhrānti - illusion, delusion, error, confusion

from root bhram (to wander, to be confused)

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: The predicate noun; 'that reflection is an illusion.'

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

वेद्यविदाम् (vedyavidām) - of those who know the knowable

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vedyavid

vedyavid - knower of what is to be known

Compound of vedya (knowable) and vid (knower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vedya+vid)

• vedya – to be known, knowable
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vid – knower, learned
  noun (masculine)
  from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Forms part of the vocative address `vedyavidām vara`.

वर (vara) - best, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior, boon

Note: Addressing Rāma as 'best one'.