योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-37

भवदागमनाद्ब्रह्मन्निदानीं मुदिताशयाः ।
मन्दरोद्धूतसर्वाङ्गः क्षीरोदो येन तन्यते ॥ ३७ ॥

bhavadāgamanādbrahmannidānīṃ muditāśayāḥ ,
mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ kṣīrodo yena tanyate 37

37. bhavat āgamanāt brahman idānīm muditāśayāḥ
mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ kṣīrodaḥ yena tanyate

37. brahman,
idānīm bhavat āgamanāt (vayam) muditāśayāḥ (jātāḥ),
(yathā) yena mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ kṣīrodaḥ tanyate (tathā).

37. O Brahmin (brahman), due to your arrival, we are now gladdened in our hearts, like the Milk Ocean whose entire being is stirred by Mount Mandara, thereby expanding.

37. הו בְּרַהְמַן, הגעתך מציפה כעת את לבנו בשמחה, כשם שאוקיינוס החלב מתרחב ומתעורר כשהר מַנְדַרַה מנענע את כולו.

Words meanings summery:

• भवत् (bhavat) - your, by you (polite form)

• आगमनात् (āgamanāt) - from arrival, due to arrival

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (brahman) (O Brahmin, O divine one)

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

• मुदिताशयाः (muditāśayāḥ) - whose minds/hearts are gladdened

• मन्दरोद्धूतसर्वाङ्गः (mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ) - whose entire body is churned/stirred by Mandara (mountain)

• क्षीरोदः (kṣīrodaḥ) - the Milk Ocean

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• तन्यते (tanyate) - is expanded, is stretched out, is increased

Words meanings and morphology

भवत् (bhavat) - your, by you (polite form)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your, pertaining to you, illustrious, venerable

From √bhū (to be). Used as a polite second-person pronoun/adjective.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used like a genitive here in combination with āgamanāt.

आगमनात् (āgamanāt) - from arrival, due to arrival

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of āgamana

āgamana - coming, arrival, return

From √gam (to go) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as the cause for muditāśayāḥ.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (brahman) (O Brahmin, O divine one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin (brahman), priest, the absolute (brahman), sacred word

From √bṛh (to grow, expand).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the listener.

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem idam.

मुदिताशयाः (muditāśayāḥ) - whose minds/hearts are gladdened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muditāśaya

muditāśaya - whose mind/heart is gladdened, joyful in spirit

Compound of mudita (gladdened) and āśaya (heart, mind, intention).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mudita+āśaya)

• mudita – gladdened, delighted, joyful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √mud (to rejoice).
  Root: mud (class 1)
• āśaya – abode, receptacle, intention, mind, heart
  noun (masculine)
  From √śī (to lie, rest) with ā- prefix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for vayam (implied).

मन्दरोद्धूतसर्वाङ्गः (mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ) - whose entire body is churned/stirred by Mandara (mountain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandaroddhūtasarvāṅga

mandaroddhūtasarvāṅga - whose whole body is agitated/churned by Mount Mandara

Bahuvrīhi compound. Mandara (mountain) + uddhūta (churned, agitated) + sarva (all) + aṅga (limb, body).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mandara+uddhūta+sarva+aṅga)

• mandara – Mount Mandara (a mythical mountain used as a churning stick)
  proper noun (masculine)
• uddhūta – agitated, churned, raised, shaken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhū (to shake) with prefix ud-.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: dhū (class 5)
• sarva – all, every, entire
  pronoun (masculine)
• aṅga – limb, body, part, component
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies kṣīrodaḥ.

क्षीरोदः (kṣīrodaḥ) - the Milk Ocean

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīroda

kṣīroda - Milk Ocean (kṣīroda), one of the seven mythical oceans

Compound of kṣīra (milk) + uda (water).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kṣīra+uda)

• kṣīra – milk
  noun (neuter)
• uda – water
  noun (neuter)
  From √und (to wet).
  Root: und (class 7)

Note: The subject of the simile.

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Instrumental singular (masculine/neuter) of yad.

Note: Connects the churning to the expansion.

तन्यते (tanyate) - is expanded, is stretched out, is increased

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of tan

Present passive, 3rd person singular of √tan.

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Predicate for kṣīrodaḥ.

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