योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-37

भवदागमनाद्ब्रह्मन्निदानीं मुदिताशयाः ।
मन्दरोद्धूतसर्वाङ्गः क्षीरोदो येन तन्यते ॥ ३७ ॥

bhavadāgamanādbrahmannidānīṃ muditāśayāḥ ,
mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ kṣīrodo yena tanyate 37

37. bhavat āgamanāt brahman idānīm muditāśayāḥ
mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ kṣīrodaḥ yena tanyate

37. brahman,
idānīm bhavat āgamanāt (vayam) muditāśayāḥ (jātāḥ),
(yathā) yena mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ kṣīrodaḥ tanyate (tathā).

37. O Brahmin (brahman), due to your arrival, we are now gladdened in our hearts, like the Milk Ocean whose entire being is stirred by Mount Mandara, thereby expanding.

Words meanings summery:

• भवत् (bhavat) - your, by you (polite form)

• आगमनात् (āgamanāt) - from arrival, due to arrival

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (brahman) (O Brahmin, O divine one)

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

• मुदिताशयाः (muditāśayāḥ) - whose minds/hearts are gladdened

• मन्दरोद्धूतसर्वाङ्गः (mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ) - whose entire body is churned/stirred by Mandara (mountain)

• क्षीरोदः (kṣīrodaḥ) - the Milk Ocean

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• तन्यते (tanyate) - is expanded, is stretched out, is increased

Words meanings and morphology

भवत् (bhavat) - your, by you (polite form)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your, pertaining to you, illustrious, venerable

From √bhū (to be). Used as a polite second-person pronoun/adjective.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used like a genitive here in combination with āgamanāt.

आगमनात् (āgamanāt) - from arrival, due to arrival

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of āgamana

āgamana - coming, arrival, return

From √gam (to go) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as the cause for muditāśayāḥ.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (brahman) (O Brahmin, O divine one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin (brahman), priest, the absolute (brahman), sacred word

From √bṛh (to grow, expand).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the listener.

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem idam.

मुदिताशयाः (muditāśayāḥ) - whose minds/hearts are gladdened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muditāśaya

muditāśaya - whose mind/heart is gladdened, joyful in spirit

Compound of mudita (gladdened) and āśaya (heart, mind, intention).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mudita+āśaya)

• mudita – gladdened, delighted, joyful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √mud (to rejoice).
  Root: mud (class 1)
• āśaya – abode, receptacle, intention, mind, heart
  noun (masculine)
  From √śī (to lie, rest) with ā- prefix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for vayam (implied).

मन्दरोद्धूतसर्वाङ्गः (mandaroddhūtasarvāṅgaḥ) - whose entire body is churned/stirred by Mandara (mountain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandaroddhūtasarvāṅga

mandaroddhūtasarvāṅga - whose whole body is agitated/churned by Mount Mandara

Bahuvrīhi compound. Mandara (mountain) + uddhūta (churned, agitated) + sarva (all) + aṅga (limb, body).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mandara+uddhūta+sarva+aṅga)

• mandara – Mount Mandara (a mythical mountain used as a churning stick)
  proper noun (masculine)
• uddhūta – agitated, churned, raised, shaken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhū (to shake) with prefix ud-.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: dhū (class 5)
• sarva – all, every, entire
  pronoun (masculine)
• aṅga – limb, body, part, component
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies kṣīrodaḥ.

क्षीरोदः (kṣīrodaḥ) - the Milk Ocean

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīroda

kṣīroda - Milk Ocean (kṣīroda), one of the seven mythical oceans

Compound of kṣīra (milk) + uda (water).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kṣīra+uda)

• kṣīra – milk
  noun (neuter)
• uda – water
  noun (neuter)
  From √und (to wet).
  Root: und (class 7)

Note: The subject of the simile.

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Instrumental singular (masculine/neuter) of yad.

Note: Connects the churning to the expansion.

तन्यते (tanyate) - is expanded, is stretched out, is increased

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of tan

Present passive, 3rd person singular of √tan.

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Predicate for kṣīrodaḥ.