योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-18

कथमस्यां प्रभो जातौ जातस्य चिरजीविनः ।
आशापाशनिबद्धस्य विहगस्य विशोकिता ॥ १८ ॥

kathamasyāṃ prabho jātau jātasya cirajīvinaḥ ,
āśāpāśanibaddhasya vihagasya viśokitā 18

18. katham asyām prabho jātau jātasya cirajīvinaḥ
āśāpāśanibaddhasya vihagasya viśokitā

18. prabho asyām jātau jātasya cirajīvinaḥ
āśāpāśanibaddhasya vihagasya viśokitā katham

18. O Lord, how can there be freedom from sorrow for one who is long-lived, born in this realm of existence, and bound like a bird by the snares of hope?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how is it possible (how, in what manner, why)

• अस्याम् (asyām) - in this (realm/birth) (in this)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (O Lord, O master)

• जातौ (jātau) - in this realm of existence (in birth, in species, in condition)

• जातस्य (jātasya) - of one born (in this realm) (of one born, of a being, of a creature)

• चिरजीविनः (cirajīvinaḥ) - of a long-lived being (of a long-lived one, of one living for a long time)

• आशापाशनिबद्धस्य (āśāpāśanibaddhasya) - of one bound by the snares of hope

• विहगस्य (vihagasya) - of a bird (used metaphorically for the person) (of a bird)

• विशोकिता (viśokitā) - freedom from sorrow (sorrowlessness, freedom from grief)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how is it possible (how, in what manner, why)

(indeclinable)

अस्याम् (asyām) - in this (realm/birth) (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (O Lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, mighty, powerful

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

जातौ (jātau) - in this realm of existence (in birth, in species, in condition)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of jāti

jāti - birth, species, class, condition, realm

Root: jan (class 4)

जातस्य (jātasya) - of one born (in this realm) (of one born, of a being, of a creature)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen; a being, creature

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

चिरजीविनः (cirajīvinaḥ) - of a long-lived being (of a long-lived one, of one living for a long time)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of cirajīvin

cirajīvin - long-lived, living long

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cira+jīvin)

• cira – long time, ancient
  indeclinable
• jīvin – living, alive, one who lives
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)

आशापाशनिबद्धस्य (āśāpāśanibaddhasya) - of one bound by the snares of hope

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āśāpāśanibaddha

āśāpāśanibaddha - bound by the snares/ropes of hope

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśā+pāśa+nibaddha)

• āśā – hope, desire
  noun (feminine)
• pāśa – snare, noose, bond, rope
  noun (masculine)
• nibaddha – bound, tied, fastened, constrained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bandh (to bind) with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: bandh (class 9)

विहगस्य (vihagasya) - of a bird (used metaphorically for the person) (of a bird)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vihaga

vihaga - bird, 'sky-goer'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vi+haga)

• vi – sky, air
  indeclinable
• haga – goer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

विशोकिता (viśokitā) - freedom from sorrow (sorrowlessness, freedom from grief)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viśokitā

viśokitā - sorrowlessness, freedom from grief/sorrow

Feminine noun derived from viśokita (free from sorrow)

Prefix: vi

Root: śuc (class 1)