योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-108, verse-24

मदनिकोवाच ।
एवमेष महाभाग स्त्रीस्वभावो हि चञ्चलः ।
कामो ह्यष्टगुणः स्त्रीणां न कोपं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥ २४ ॥

madanikovāca ,
evameṣa mahābhāga strīsvabhāvo hi cañcalaḥ ,
kāmo hyaṣṭaguṇaḥ strīṇāṃ na kopaṃ kartumarhasi 24

24. madanikā uvāca | evam eṣaḥ mahābhāga strīsvabhāvaḥ hi cañcalaḥ
| kāmaḥ hi aṣṭaguṇaḥ strīṇām na kopam kartum arhasi ||

24. mahābhāga madanikā uvāca evam eṣaḥ strīsvabhāvaḥ hi cañcalaḥ
hi strīṇām kāmaḥ aṣṭaguṇaḥ tvam kopam kartum na arhasi

24. Madanika said: 'O greatly fortunate one, the nature of women is indeed fickle. For women, desire (kāma) is truly eight-fold. Therefore, you ought not to be angry.'

Words meanings summery:

• मदनिका (madanikā) - Madanika (a female character's name) (Madanika (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way (thus, so, in this manner)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to 'nature') (this (masculine))

• महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O greatly fortunate one (O greatly fortunate one, O esteemed one)

• स्त्रीस्वभावः (strīsvabhāvaḥ) - the nature of women (nature of women, feminine nature)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• चञ्चलः (cañcalaḥ) - fickle (fickle, restless, unsteady)

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma) (desire (kāma), love, lust)

• हि (hi) - truly, for (indeed, surely, for)

• अष्टगुणः (aṣṭaguṇaḥ) - eight-fold (referring to the traditional belief that women's desire is eight times that of men) (eight-fold, having eight qualities/parts)

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• न (na) - not

• कोपम् (kopam) - anger (anger, wrath)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to show (anger), to make (anger) (to do, to make, to perform)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

मदनिका (madanikā) - Madanika (a female character's name) (Madanika (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of madanikā

madanikā - Madanika (a proper name, typically female), a female attendant

Note: The speaker's name.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense form of √vac.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to 'nature') (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'strīsvabhāvaḥ'.

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O greatly fortunate one (O greatly fortunate one, O esteemed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, highly esteemed, noble

Compound: mahā (great) + bhāga (share, fortune)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Addresses a male interlocutor.

स्त्रीस्वभावः (strīsvabhāvaḥ) - the nature of women (nature of women, feminine nature)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of strīsvabhāva

strīsvabhāva - nature of women, feminine nature

Compound: strī (woman) + svabhāva (nature)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (strī+svabhāva)

• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
• svabhāva – own nature, intrinsic nature (dharma), innate disposition
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: sva (own) + bhāva (being, nature)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

चञ्चलः (cañcalaḥ) - fickle (fickle, restless, unsteady)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cañcala

cañcala - fickle, restless, unsteady, wavering

From √cal (to move, tremble)

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'strīsvabhāvaḥ'.

कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma) (desire (kāma), love, lust)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire (kāma), wish, love, lust, sensual pleasure

From √kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Subject.

हि (hi) - truly, for (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Provides emphasis or causal link.

अष्टगुणः (aṣṭaguṇaḥ) - eight-fold (referring to the traditional belief that women's desire is eight times that of men) (eight-fold, having eight qualities/parts)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭaguṇa

aṣṭaguṇa - eight-fold, having eight qualities, consisting of eight parts

Compound: aṣṭa (eight) + guṇa (strand, quality, multiple)

Compound type : dvigu (aṣṭa+guṇa)

• aṣṭa – eight
  numeral
• guṇa – strand, quality, attribute, multiple
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kāmaḥ'.

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

Note: Indicates possession or relation to 'kāmaḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'arhasi'.

कोपम् (kopam) - anger (anger, wrath)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath, rage

From √kup (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Object of 'kartum'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to show (anger), to make (anger) (to do, to make, to perform)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form from √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'arhasi' (you ought to do).

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Used with an infinitive 'kartum'.