योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-44, verse-19

अथ स्नानविधावन्तर्जलमेष चकार ह ।
सकलाघविघातार्थं परिवर्तमिवात्मना ॥ १९ ॥

atha snānavidhāvantarjalameṣa cakāra ha ,
sakalāghavighātārthaṃ parivartamivātmanā 19

19. atha snānavidhau antarjalam eṣa cakāra ha
sakalāghavighātārtham parivartam iva ātmanā

19. atha snānavidhau eṣa ha sakalāghavighātārtham
ātmanā iva antarjalam parivartam cakāra

19. Then, during the bathing ritual, he indeed made a dip underwater, as if by his own self (ātman), for the complete destruction of all sins.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• स्नानविधौ (snānavidhau) - in the bathing ritual, in the rule of bathing

• अन्तर्जलम् (antarjalam) - under water, within water

• एष (eṣa) - Refers to the main character (the king). (this (one), he)

• चकार (cakāra) - he did, he made, he performed

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphasizing particle)

• सकलाघविघातार्थम् (sakalāghavighātārtham) - for the purpose of destroying all sins

• परिवर्तम् (parivartam) - a turn, revolution, a dip, submergence

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by himself, by his own being (by the self, by the soul, by oneself)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

स्नानविधौ (snānavidhau) - in the bathing ritual, in the rule of bathing

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of snānavidhi

snānavidhi - bathing ritual, rule for bathing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (snāna+vidhi)

• snāna – bathing, bath
  noun (neuter)
  Action Noun
  From root 'snā' (to bathe) + suffix 'ana'
  Root: snā (class 2)
• vidhi – rule, method, ritual, ordinance
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhā' with prefix 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

अन्तर्जलम् (antarjalam) - under water, within water

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (antar+jala)

• antar – within, inside, under
  indeclinable
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Acts as an adverb here.

एष (eṣa) - Refers to the main character (the king). (this (one), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this

Nominative singular masculine

चकार (cakāra) - he did, he made, he performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect Tense

Third person singular perfect active indicative

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphasizing particle)

(indeclinable)

सकलाघविघातार्थम् (sakalāghavighātārtham) - for the purpose of destroying all sins

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound, formed with 'artha' in accusative meaning 'for the sake of'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sakala+agha+vighāta+artha)

• sakala – all, whole, complete
  adjective
  'sa' (with) + 'kala' (part)
• agha – sin, evil, distress
  noun (neuter)
• vighāta – destruction, injury, removal
  noun (masculine)
  Action Noun
  From root 'han' (to strike) with prefix 'vi' and 'ghañ' suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: han (class 2)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, goal
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially to denote purpose.

परिवर्तम् (parivartam) - a turn, revolution, a dip, submergence

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parivarta

parivarta - turning round, rotation, change, dip

Action Noun

From root 'vṛt' with prefix 'pari'

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of 'cakāra'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by himself, by his own being (by the self, by the soul, by oneself)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, ego (ātman)