योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-48, verse-27

तदर्थं मा कृथा व्यर्थं विषादं मरणे पितुः ।
अवश्यभाव्यस्तमयो जातस्याहर्षतेरिव ॥ २७ ॥

tadarthaṃ mā kṛthā vyarthaṃ viṣādaṃ maraṇe pituḥ ,
avaśyabhāvyastamayo jātasyāharṣateriva 27

27. tadartham mā kṛthāḥ vyartham viṣādam maraṇe pituḥ
avaśyabhāvyaḥ astamayaḥ jātasya aharṣateḥ iva

27. tadartham pituḥ maraṇe vyartham viṣādam mā kṛthāḥ
jātasya aharṣateḥ iva astamayaḥ avaśyabhāvyaḥ

27. Therefore, do not needlessly grieve over your father's death. Just as the setting is inevitable for that which rises, so too is it for that which is born.

Words meanings summery:

• तदर्थम् (tadartham) - for that reason, therefore

• मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive)

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - Do not cause, do not feel (you should make, you do, you cause)

• व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - useless, in vain, fruitless

• विषादम् (viṣādam) - sorrow, dejection, despondency

• मरणे (maraṇe) - in death, at the time of death

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• अवश्यभाव्यः (avaśyabhāvyaḥ) - inevitable, destined to happen, must be

• अस्तमयः (astamayaḥ) - setting, disappearance, end

• जातस्य (jātasya) - of that which is born, of one who is born

• अहर्षतेः (aharṣateḥ) - of that which rises, of a rising thing (like the sun)

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

Words meanings and morphology

तदर्थम् (tadartham) - for that reason, therefore

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+artha)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake
  noun (masculine)

मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with aorist to express prohibition.

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - Do not cause, do not feel (you should make, you do, you cause)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Aorist form used with 'mā' for prohibition.

व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - useless, in vain, fruitless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyartha

vyartha - useless, vain, without purpose, meaningless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+artha)

• vi – apart, away; negation, privation
  indeclinable
  prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'viṣādam'.

विषादम् (viṣādam) - sorrow, dejection, despondency

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣāda

viṣāda - despondency, dejection, sorrow, sadness

from vi-ṣad (to sink down)

Prefix: vi

Root: ṣad (class 1)

मरणे (maraṇe) - in death, at the time of death

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

अवश्यभाव्यः (avaśyabhāvyaḥ) - inevitable, destined to happen, must be

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaśyabhāvya

avaśyabhāvya - inevitable, necessarily existing or to be

Gerundive

compound of avaśya (necessarily) and bhāvya (to be, to become)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avaśya+bhāvya)

• avaśya – necessarily, certainly, inevitably
  indeclinable
• bhāvya – to be, to become, destined to be
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  root bhū + -ya
  Root: bhū (class 1)

अस्तमयः (astamayaḥ) - setting, disappearance, end

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of astamaya

astamaya - setting (of sun/moon), disappearance, end, death

from asta (setting) + gam (to go)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asta+aya)

• asta – setting, disappearance
  noun (masculine)
• aya – going, motion
  noun (masculine)
  from root i (to go)
  Root: i (class 2)

जातस्य (jātasya) - of that which is born, of one who is born

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used substantively: 'of a born being'.

अहर्षतेः (aharṣateḥ) - of that which rises, of a rising thing (like the sun)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aharṣati

aharṣati - that which rises; the rising (sun or celestial body)

Note: Used substantively: 'of a rising thing/being'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)