योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-8, verse-1

अष्टमः सर्गः वाल्मीकिरुवाच ।
तच्छ्रुत्वा राजशार्दूलो विश्वामित्रस्य भाषितम् ।
मुहूर्तमासीन्निश्चेष्टः सदैन्यं चेदमब्रवीत् ॥ १ ॥

aṣṭamaḥ sargaḥ vālmīkiruvāca ,
tacchrutvā rājaśārdūlo viśvāmitrasya bhāṣitam ,
muhūrtamāsīnniśceṣṭaḥ sadainyaṃ cedamabravīt 1

1. aṣṭamaḥ sargaḥ vālmīkiḥ uvāca
tat śrutvā rājaśārdūlaḥ viśvāmitrasya
bhāṣitam muhūrtam āsīt
niśceṣṭaḥ sadainyam ca idam abravīt

1. Chapter Eight. Vālmīki said: Having heard that speech of Viśvāmitra, the eminent king remained motionless for a moment. And then he spoke these words with humility.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टमः (aṣṭamaḥ) - eighth

• सर्गः (sargaḥ) - chapter (of a text) (chapter, section, creation)

• वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - The sage Vālmīki, author of the Rāmāyaṇa. (Vālmīki)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - Having heard, after hearing

• राजशार्दूलः (rājaśārdūlaḥ) - Referring to King Daśaratha (tiger among kings, eminent king)

• विश्वामित्रस्य (viśvāmitrasya) - of Viśvāmitra

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken word, speech, saying

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, an instant

• आसीत् (āsīt) - he was

• निश्चेष्टः (niśceṣṭaḥ) - motionless, inactive, silent

• सदैन्यम् (sadainyam) - with humility, pitiably

• च (ca) - and, also

• इदम् (idam) - these (words about to be spoken) (this, these (words))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टमः (aṣṭamaḥ) - eighth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭama

aṣṭama - eighth (ordinal number)

Derived from aṣṭan (eight).

Note: Qualifies 'sargaḥ'.

सर्गः (sargaḥ) - chapter (of a text) (chapter, section, creation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarga

sarga - chapter, section, creation, emission

verbal noun

Derived from sṛj.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - The sage Vālmīki, author of the Rāmāyaṇa. (Vālmīki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālmīki

vālmīki - Vālmīki (a proper noun, name of the sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Perfect active 3rd person singular. Reduplication of the root.

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - Having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

राजशार्दूलः (rājaśārdūlaḥ) - Referring to King Daśaratha (tiger among kings, eminent king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājaśārdūla

rājaśārdūla - lion among kings, eminent king (literally 'king-tiger')

Compound of rājan (king) and śārdūla (tiger).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj
• śārdūla – tiger, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'āsīt' and 'abravīt'.

विश्वामित्रस्य (viśvāmitrasya) - of Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (a proper noun, name of a sage)

Note: Possessive of 'bhāṣitam'.

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said; speech, saying (as a noun)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from bhāṣ.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, an instant

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, an instant, a period of time

आसीत् (āsīt) - he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect 3rd person singular active. 'ā-' is augment.

Root: as (class 2)

निश्चेष्टः (niśceṣṭaḥ) - motionless, inactive, silent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśceṣṭa

niśceṣṭa - motionless, inactive, still, deprived of effort

Compound of niḥ (without) and ceṣṭa (effort, movement).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+ceṣṭā)

• nis – without, out, forth
  indeclinable
  Prefixed to indicate absence or negation.
• ceṣṭā – movement, effort, activity
  noun (feminine)
  verbal noun
  Derived from ceṣṭ.
  Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājaśārdūlaḥ'.

सदैन्यम् (sadainyam) - with humility, pitiably

(indeclinable)

Formed from sa (with) and dainya (humility, pity). Adverbial accusative of sadainya.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+dainya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• dainya – humility, wretchedness, poverty
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from dīna (poor, wretched).

Note: Adverbial.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

इदम् (idam) - these (words about to be spoken) (this, these (words))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect 3rd person singular active. 'a-' is augment.

Root: brū (class 2)