योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-8, verse-13

ईदृशोऽसौ सुतो बाल आधिनाऽथ वशीकृतः ।
कथं ददामि तं तुभ्यं योद्धुं सह निशाचरैः ॥ १३ ॥

īdṛśo'sau suto bāla ādhinā'tha vaśīkṛtaḥ ,
kathaṃ dadāmi taṃ tubhyaṃ yoddhuṃ saha niśācaraiḥ 13

13. īdṛśaḥ asau sutaḥ bālaḥ ādhinā atha vaśīkṛtaḥ
katham dadāmi tam tubhyam yoddhum saha niśācaraiḥ

13. How can I give you this son, who is just a young boy and overcome by distress, to fight with night-prowling demons (niśācara)?

Words meanings summery:

• ईदृशः (īdṛśaḥ) - such, of this kind

• असौ (asau) - this (son) (that, this (one))

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

• बालः (bālaḥ) - young boy, child, immature

• आधिना (ādhinā) - by mental pain, by anxiety

• अथ (atha) - and, then, moreover

• वशीकृतः (vaśīkṛtaḥ) - subdued, brought under control, overcome

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• ददामि (dadāmi) - I give

• तम् (tam) - my son (him, that)

• तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - to you

• योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• निशाचरैः (niśācaraiḥ) - by/with night-prowlers, demons

Words meanings and morphology

ईदृशः (īdṛśaḥ) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, like this, of this kind

Note: Agrees with 'sutaḥ'

असौ (asau) - this (son) (that, this (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, this, yonder

Note: Agrees with 'sutaḥ'

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, brought forth

Past Passive Participle

From root sū (to bear, bring forth)

Root: sū (class 2)

बालः (bālaḥ) - young boy, child, immature

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young, immature

Note: Agrees with 'sutaḥ'

आधिना (ādhinā) - by mental pain, by anxiety

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ādhi

ādhi - mental pain, anxiety, distress, worry

From prefix ā + root dhā (to place, hold)

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agent of 'vaśīkṛtaḥ'

अथ (atha) - and, then, moreover

(indeclinable)

वशीकृतः (vaśīkṛtaḥ) - subdued, brought under control, overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaśīkṛta

vaśīkṛta - subdued, brought under control, overcome, made subject

Past Passive Participle

From vaśīkṛ (to subdue) + kta suffix

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vaśa+kṛta)

• vaśa – will, power, control
  noun (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'sutaḥ'

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

ददामि (dadāmi) - I give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Present Active Indicative

Root dā, 3rd class, reduplicated

Root: dā (class 3)

तम् (tam) - my son (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'dadāmi'

तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Recipient of 'dadāmi'

योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root yudh (to fight) with suffix -tum

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Purpose clause

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

निशाचरैः (niśācaraiḥ) - by/with night-prowlers, demons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-walker, night-prowler, demon, rākṣasa

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, walking, going, one who moves
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root car (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Used with 'saha'