योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-8, verse-19

नववर्षसहस्राणि मम जातस्य कौशिक ।
दुःखेनोत्पादितास्त्वेते चत्वारः पुत्रका मया ॥ १९ ॥

navavarṣasahasrāṇi mama jātasya kauśika ,
duḥkhenotpāditāstvete catvāraḥ putrakā mayā 19

19. navavarṣasahasrāṇi mama jātasya kauśika duḥkhena
utpāditāḥ tu ete catvāraḥ putrakāḥ mayā

19. O Kauśika, nine thousand years have passed since I was born. These four sons were brought into being by me with great difficulty.

Words meanings summery:

• नववर्षसहस्राणि (navavarṣasahasrāṇi) - nine thousand years

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• जातस्य (jātasya) - of my having been born (of one who has been born, of the born)

• कौशिक (kauśika) - O Kauśika! (addressing Viśvāmitra) (O Kauśika! (name of Viśvāmitra))

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - with great difficulty (with difficulty, painfully, sorrowfully)

• उत्पादिताः (utpāditāḥ) - brought into being, born (produced, caused to be born, created)

• तु (tu) - indeed, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• एते (ete) - these (sons) (these (masculine nominative plural))

• चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

• पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - sons (little sons, dear sons)

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

नववर्षसहस्राणि (navavarṣasahasrāṇi) - nine thousand years

(compound)

Compound type : dvigu-tatpurusha (nava+varṣasahasra)

• nava – nine
  numeral
• varṣasahasra – thousand years
  compound (neuter)
  Tatpurusha compound: 'varṣa' (year) + 'sahasra' (thousand).

Note: Adverbial accusative for duration.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

Genitive singular of the first person pronoun 'aham'.

जातस्य (jātasya) - of my having been born (of one who has been born, of the born)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, become, occurred

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Genitive singular, masculine, agreeing with the implied subject of 'mama'.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Grammatically agrees with an implied 'me' (referring to Dasharatha).

कौशिक (kauśika) - O Kauśika! (addressing Viśvāmitra) (O Kauśika! (name of Viśvāmitra))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - a descendant of Kuśika, epithet of Viśvāmitra

From the lineage of Kuśika.

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - with great difficulty (with difficulty, painfully, sorrowfully)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial.

उत्पादिताः (utpāditāḥ) - brought into being, born (produced, caused to be born, created)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of utpādita

utpādita - produced, begotten, generated, caused

Past Passive Participle (causative)

From 'ud-pad' (to rise, come forth), causative 'utpādayati' (causes to arise), PPP 'utpādita'. Masculine nominative plural.

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

तु (tu) - indeed, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing opposition or emphasis.

एते (ete) - these (sons) (these (masculine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

Masculine nominative plural of 'etad'.

चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

(numeral)

पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - sons (little sons, dear sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putraka

putraka - little son, dear son, child (diminutive/affectionate)

Diminutive of 'putra'. Masculine nominative plural.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

Instrumental singular of the first person pronoun 'aham'.