योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-8, verse-19

नववर्षसहस्राणि मम जातस्य कौशिक ।
दुःखेनोत्पादितास्त्वेते चत्वारः पुत्रका मया ॥ १९ ॥

navavarṣasahasrāṇi mama jātasya kauśika ,
duḥkhenotpāditāstvete catvāraḥ putrakā mayā 19

19. navavarṣasahasrāṇi mama jātasya kauśika duḥkhena
utpāditāḥ tu ete catvāraḥ putrakāḥ mayā

19. O Kauśika, nine thousand years have passed since I was born. These four sons were brought into being by me with great difficulty.

19. הו קָאוּשִיקָה, עברו תשעת אלפים שנה מאז נולדתי. וארבעת בניי אלה נולדו לי בקושי רב.

Words meanings summery:

• नववर्षसहस्राणि (navavarṣasahasrāṇi) - nine thousand years

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• जातस्य (jātasya) - of my having been born (of one who has been born, of the born)

• कौशिक (kauśika) - O Kauśika! (addressing Viśvāmitra) (O Kauśika! (name of Viśvāmitra))

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - with great difficulty (with difficulty, painfully, sorrowfully)

• उत्पादिताः (utpāditāḥ) - brought into being, born (produced, caused to be born, created)

• तु (tu) - indeed, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• एते (ete) - these (sons) (these (masculine nominative plural))

• चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

• पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - sons (little sons, dear sons)

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

नववर्षसहस्राणि (navavarṣasahasrāṇi) - nine thousand years

(compound)

Compound type : dvigu-tatpurusha (nava+varṣasahasra)

• nava – nine
  numeral
• varṣasahasra – thousand years
  compound (neuter)
  Tatpurusha compound: 'varṣa' (year) + 'sahasra' (thousand).

Note: Adverbial accusative for duration.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

Genitive singular of the first person pronoun 'aham'.

जातस्य (jātasya) - of my having been born (of one who has been born, of the born)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, become, occurred

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Genitive singular, masculine, agreeing with the implied subject of 'mama'.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Grammatically agrees with an implied 'me' (referring to Dasharatha).

कौशिक (kauśika) - O Kauśika! (addressing Viśvāmitra) (O Kauśika! (name of Viśvāmitra))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - a descendant of Kuśika, epithet of Viśvāmitra

From the lineage of Kuśika.

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - with great difficulty (with difficulty, painfully, sorrowfully)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial.

उत्पादिताः (utpāditāḥ) - brought into being, born (produced, caused to be born, created)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of utpādita

utpādita - produced, begotten, generated, caused

Past Passive Participle (causative)

From 'ud-pad' (to rise, come forth), causative 'utpādayati' (causes to arise), PPP 'utpādita'. Masculine nominative plural.

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

तु (tu) - indeed, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing opposition or emphasis.

एते (ete) - these (sons) (these (masculine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

Masculine nominative plural of 'etad'.

चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

(numeral)

पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - sons (little sons, dear sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putraka

putraka - little son, dear son, child (diminutive/affectionate)

Diminutive of 'putra'. Masculine nominative plural.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

Instrumental singular of the first person pronoun 'aham'.

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