योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-20, verse-34

दिनानि कतिचिद्येयं फलिता देहजङ्गले ।
युवता शरदस्यां हि न समाश्वासमर्हथ ॥ ३४ ॥

dināni katicidyeyaṃ phalitā dehajaṅgale ,
yuvatā śaradasyāṃ hi na samāśvāsamarhatha 34

34. dināni katicit yā iyam phalitā deha-jaṅgale
yuvatā śaradi asyām hi na samāśvāsam arhatha

34. yā iyam yuvatā deha-jaṅgale katicit dināni
phalitā asyām śaradi hi samāśvāsam na arhatha

34. This youth (yuvatā), which has blossomed for only a few days in the wilderness of the body, certainly does not deserve solace (samāśvāsam) in this autumn (śarad).

Words meanings summery:

• दिनानि (dināni) - refers to a short duration of time, emphasizing the brevity of youth (days)

• कतिचित् (katicit) - emphasizes the brevity of youth (some, a few, how many)

• या (yā) - introduces a relative clause describing youth (which, who (feminine))

• इयम् (iyam) - points to the specific instance of youth being discussed (this (feminine))

• फलिता (phalitā) - youth appearing or manifesting, like a fruit ripening or flower blossoming, implying a transient phase (blossomed, borne fruit, appeared)

• देह-जङ्गले (deha-jaṅgale) - the physical body seen as a dense, sometimes unkempt or wild, place where youth temporarily flourishes (in the forest of the body)

• युवता (yuvatā) - the subject of the verse, emphasizing its transient nature (youth, youthfulness)

• शरदि (śaradi) - a metaphor for old age or decline, a time when things wither and fade (in autumn)

• अस्याम् (asyām) - refers to the current 'autumn' or state of decline (in this (feminine))

• हि (hi) - emphasizes the statement (indeed, certainly, for)

• न (na) - negates the deserving of comfort (not, no)

• समाश्वासम् (samāśvāsam) - the emotional support or stability one might seek from youth (reassurance, comfort, solace)

• अर्हथ (arhatha) - implies a general admonition to the audience or a rhetorical 'you' referring to 'people in general' (you (plural) are worthy, you deserve, you should)

Words meanings and morphology

दिनानि (dināni) - refers to a short duration of time, emphasizing the brevity of youth (days)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dina

dina - day, daylight

Note: Acts as an adverb of time, indicating duration.

कतिचित् (katicit) - emphasizes the brevity of youth (some, a few, how many)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of katicit

katicit - some, a few, how many

या (yā) - introduces a relative clause describing youth (which, who (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to yuvatā.

इयम् (iyam) - points to the specific instance of youth being discussed (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to yuvatā.

फलिता (phalitā) - youth appearing or manifesting, like a fruit ripening or flower blossoming, implying a transient phase (blossomed, borne fruit, appeared)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of phalita

phalita - blossomed, borne fruit, resulted, successful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √phal (to bear fruit, ripen).

Root: √phal (class 1)

देह-जङ्गले (deha-jaṅgale) - the physical body seen as a dense, sometimes unkempt or wild, place where youth temporarily flourishes (in the forest of the body)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of deha-jaṅgala

deha-jaṅgala - body-forest, wilderness of the body

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpurusha (deha+jaṅgala)

• deha – body, physical form
  noun (masculine)
• jaṅgala – forest, jungle, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Place where youth 'blossoms'.

युवता (yuvatā) - the subject of the verse, emphasizing its transient nature (youth, youthfulness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yuvatā

yuvatā - youth, youthfulness

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शरदि (śaradi) - a metaphor for old age or decline, a time when things wither and fade (in autumn)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarad

śarad - autumn, a year

d-ending stem.

Note: Used with asyām, forming a locative phrase indicating time/circumstance.

अस्याम् (asyām) - refers to the current 'autumn' or state of decline (in this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with śaradi.

हि (hi) - emphasizes the statement (indeed, certainly, for)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - negates the deserving of comfort (not, no)

(indeclinable)

समाश्वासम् (samāśvāsam) - the emotional support or stability one might seek from youth (reassurance, comfort, solace)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samāśvāsa

samāśvāsa - complete reassurance, relief, comfort, consolation

Derived from sam-ā-√śvas (to breathe freely, to be comforted).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: √śvas (class 2)

Note: Object of arhatha.

अर्हथ (arhatha) - implies a general admonition to the audience or a rhetorical 'you' referring to 'people in general' (you (plural) are worthy, you deserve, you should)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √arh

Present 2nd Plural

Root: √arh (class 1)

Note: Admonishes the audience.

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