योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-20, verse-21

नरं तरलतृष्णार्ति युवानमिह साधवः ।
पूजयन्ति न तु च्छिन्नं जरत्तृणलवं यथा ॥ २१ ॥

naraṃ taralatṛṣṇārti yuvānamiha sādhavaḥ ,
pūjayanti na tu cchinnaṃ jarattṛṇalavaṃ yathā 21

21. naram taralatṛṣṇārtiṃ yuvānam iha sādhavaḥ
pūjayanti na tu chinnam jarat-tṛṇa-lavam yathā

21. iha sādhavaḥ taralatṛṣṇārtiṃ yuvānam naram pūjayanti,
na tu chinnam jarattṛṇalavam yathā

21. In this world, virtuous people honor a young man, even if he is afflicted by restless cravings, but they do not honor him when he is like a severed blade of old grass.

Words meanings summery:

• नरम् (naram) - man, person

• तरलतृष्णार्तिं (taralatṛṣṇārtiṁ) - afflicted by restless craving, distressed by fickle desire

• युवानम् (yuvānam) - young man, youthful

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - good people, virtuous ones, sages

• पूजयन्ति (pūjayanti) - they honor, they worship, they revere

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• छिन्नम् (chinnam) - cut, severed, broken

• जरत्-तृण-लवम् (jarat-tṛṇa-lavam) - a blade of old grass, a piece of old grass

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in the manner that

Words meanings and morphology

नरम् (naram) - man, person

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, male, human being

तरलतृष्णार्तिं (taralatṛṣṇārtiṁ) - afflicted by restless craving, distressed by fickle desire

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of taralatṛṣṇārti

taralatṛṣṇārti - one afflicted by restless craving or fickle desire

Bahuvrihi compound: 'he for whom restless craving is an affliction'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tarala+tṛṣṇā+ārti)

• tarala – fickle, restless, trembling, fluid
  adjective
• tṛṣṇā – thirst, craving, desire, longing
  noun (feminine)
  From root tṛṣ (to thirst).
  Root: tṛṣ (class 4)
• ārti – pain, suffering, distress, affliction
  noun (feminine)
  From root ṛ (to go) with prefix ā, or root ṛt (to pain).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

युवानम् (yuvānam) - young man, youthful

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuvan

yuvan - young, youthful; a youth, young man

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - good people, virtuous ones, sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, excellent; a good person, sage, ascetic

From root sādh (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: sādh (class 5)

पूजयन्ति (pūjayanti) - they honor, they worship, they revere

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of pūj

Root: pūj (class 10)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

छिन्नम् (chinnam) - cut, severed, broken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, broken, severed, divided, interrupted

Past Passive Participle

From root chid (to cut, cleave).

Root: chid (class 7)

जरत्-तृण-लवम् (jarat-tṛṇa-lavam) - a blade of old grass, a piece of old grass

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jarattṛṇalava

jarattṛṇalava - a piece of old grass, a withered blade of grass

Compound of 'jarat' (old, withered), 'tṛṇa' (grass), and 'lava' (piece, blade).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jarat+tṛṇa+lava)

• jarat – old, decaying, withered
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From root jṝ (to decay, grow old).
  Root: jṝ (class 9)
• tṛṇa – grass, blade of grass, straw
  noun (neuter)
• lava – a piece, fragment, blade, drop, particle
  noun (masculine)
  From root lū (to cut, sever).
  Root: lū (class 9)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)