वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-7, verse-22

राक्षसानां सहस्राणि निहत्य मधुसूदनः ।
वारिजं नादयामास तोयदं सुरराडिव ॥२२॥

22. rākṣasānāṃ sahasrāṇi nihatya madhusūdanaḥ ,
vārijaṃ nādayāmāsa toyadaṃ surarāḍiva.

22. rākṣasānām sahasrāṇi nihatya madhusūdanaḥ
/ vārijaṃ nādayāmāsa toyadaṃ surarāṭ iva

22. madhusūdanaḥ rākṣasānām sahasrāṇi nihatya
vārijaṃ nādayāmāsa surarāṭ toyadaṃ iva

22. Having slain thousands of demons, Madhusūdana blew his conch, just as the king of the gods (Indra) causes a thundercloud to roar.

Words meanings summery:

• राक्षसानाम् (rākṣasānām) - of demons

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands, a thousand

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

• मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - A name for Viṣṇu (Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu))

• वारिजं (vārijaṁ) - conch shell (as a weapon/musical instrument) (conch, lotus (water-born))

• नादयामास (nādayāmāsa) - caused to sound, made a noise, blew (a conch)

• तोयदं (toyadaṁ) - thundercloud (implied by Indra's association) (cloud (water-giver))

• सुरराट् (surarāṭ) - king of gods, Indra

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

Words meanings and morphology

राक्षसानाम् (rākṣasānām) - of demons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, rakṣasa, evil being

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands, a thousand

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Compound of ni + root han (to strike/kill) with -tya suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - A name for Viṣṇu (Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - Slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – sweet, honey, demon Madhu
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root sūd (to kill)
  Root: sūd (class 10)

वारिजं (vārijaṁ) - conch shell (as a weapon/musical instrument) (conch, lotus (water-born))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vārija

vārija - water-born (epithet of lotus or conch), conch, lotus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāri+ja)

• vāri – water
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix for 'born'
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The neuter accusative singular form suggests 'conch' here, as an object being blown.

नादयामास (nādayāmāsa) - caused to sound, made a noise, blew (a conch)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nādayāmāsa

Causative Perfect

3rd person singular perfect active of causative root nāday- from nad (to roar)

Root: nad (class 1)

तोयदं (toyadaṁ) - thundercloud (implied by Indra's association) (cloud (water-giver))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of toyada

toyada - cloud (giver of water)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toya+da)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing, giver
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix for 'giver'
  Derived from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Object of implied verb 'causes to roar' or 'sounds'.

सुरराट् (surarāṭ) - king of gods, Indra

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of surarāj

surarāj - king of gods (Indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+rājan)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Sandhi with iva leads to surarāḍ iva. The base form is surarāj.

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)