वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-7, verse-41

मालिनं निहतं दृष्ट्वा सुमाली मल्यवानपि ।
सबलौ शोकसंतप्तौ लङ्कां प्रति विधावितौ ॥४१॥

41. mālinaṃ nihataṃ dṛṣṭvā sumālī malyavānapi ,
sabalau śokasaṃtaptau laṅkāṃ prati vidhāvitau.

41. mālinam nihatam dṛṣṭvā sumālī malyavān api
sabalau śokasaṃtaptau laṅkām prati vidhāvitau

41. mālinam nihatam dṛṣṭvā sumālī malyavān api
sabalau śokasaṃtaptau laṅkām prati vidhāvitau

41. Seeing Mālin slain, Sumālī and Mālyavān, both overcome with grief, fled with their forces towards Laṅkā.

Words meanings summery:

• मालिनम् (mālinam) - the demon Mālin (Mālin)

• निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, referring to Mālin (slain, killed)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सुमाली (sumālī) - the demon Sumālī (Sumālī)

• मल्यवान् (malyavān) - the demon Mālyavān (Mālyavān)

• अपि (api) - also, too (also, even)

• सबलौ (sabalau) - accompanied by their army (accompanied by forces, with their army)

• शोकसंतप्तौ (śokasaṁtaptau) - overcome with grief (distressed by grief, grief-stricken)

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - towards Laṅkā, the city (Laṅkā)

• प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning)

• विधावितौ (vidhāvitau) - fled (fled, ran away)

Words meanings and morphology

मालिनम् (mālinam) - the demon Mālin (Mālin)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mālin

mālin - Mālin (name of a demon)

निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, referring to Mālin (slain, killed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Mālinam.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सुमाली (sumālī) - the demon Sumālī (Sumālī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumālin

sumālin - Sumālin (name of a demon)

मल्यवान् (malyavān) - the demon Mālyavān (Mālyavān)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mālyavat

mālyavat - Mālyavān (name of a demon)

अपि (api) - also, too (also, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjoins Sumālī and Mālyavān.

सबलौ (sabalau) - accompanied by their army (accompanied by forces, with their army)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sabala

sabala - with strength, strong; accompanied by forces

Bahuvrihi compound 'sa-bala' (with strength). Here means 'with their army'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bala)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Sumālī and Mālyavān.

शोकसंतप्तौ (śokasaṁtaptau) - overcome with grief (distressed by grief, grief-stricken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śokasaṃtapta

śokasaṁtapta - tormented by grief, distressed by sorrow

Tatpurusha compound (śoka-saṃtapta). Saṃtapta is PPP of root tap (to heat, distress) with upasarga sam.

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+saṃtapta)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, distress
  noun (masculine)
• saṃtapta – distressed, tormented, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tap with upasarga sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sumālī and Mālyavān.

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - towards Laṅkā, the city (Laṅkā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (name of a city, capital of Rāvaṇa)

Note: Object of motion.

प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs accusative case (Laṅkām).

विधावितौ (vidhāvitau) - fled (fled, ran away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vidhāvita

vidhāvita - run forth, fled, rushed away

Past Passive Participle

From root dhāv (to run) with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, functioning as the main verb.