वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-13, verse-4

विस्तीर्णं योजनं शुभ्रं ततो द्विगुणमायतम् ।
दर्शनीयं निराबाधं कुम्भकर्णस्य चक्रिरे ॥४॥

4. vistīrṇaṃ yojanaṃ śubhraṃ tato dviguṇamāyatam ,
darśanīyaṃ nirābādhaṃ kumbhakarṇasya cakrire.

4. vistīrṇam yojanam śubhram tataḥ dviguṇam āyatam
darśanīyam nirābādham kumbhakarṇasya cakrire

4. kumbhakarṇasya yojanam vistīrṇam śubhram tataḥ
dviguṇam āyatam darśanīyam nirābādham cakrire

4. They constructed for Kumbhakarṇa a dwelling that was a yojana wide, shining white, twice as long, beautiful to behold, and free from any impediments.

Words meanings summery:

• विस्तीर्णम् (vistīrṇam) - vast, extensive, wide, spread out

• योजनम् (yojanam) - a measure of distance, approximately 8-15 km (or 5-9 miles) (a yojana (measure of distance), journey, union)

• शुभ्रम् (śubhram) - bright, shining, white, beautiful

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, moreover

• द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - double, twofold, twice

• आयतम् (āyatam) - long, extended, stretched out

• दर्शनीयम् (darśanīyam) - beautiful, worth seeing, lovely, visible

• निराबाधम् (nirābādham) - unobstructed, unhindered, free from pain or difficulty

• कुम्भकर्णस्य (kumbhakarṇasya) - of Kumbhakarṇa

• चक्रिरे (cakrire) - they made, they did, they constructed

Words meanings and morphology

विस्तीर्णम् (vistīrṇam) - vast, extensive, wide, spread out

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vistīrṇa

vistīrṇa - vast, extensive, wide, spread out, diffused

Past Passive Participle

From the root 'stṛ' (to spread, extend) with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ

Note: Agrees with the implied 'ālayam' (dwelling).

योजनम् (yojanam) - a measure of distance, approximately 8-15 km (or 5-9 miles) (a yojana (measure of distance), journey, union)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yojana

yojana - a measure of distance (approx. 8-15 km), a journey, harnessing, union

Root: yuj (class 7)

शुभ्रम् (śubhram) - bright, shining, white, beautiful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubhra

śubhra - bright, shining, white, beautiful, pure

Note: Agrees with the implied 'ālayam'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, moreover

(indeclinable)

द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - double, twofold, twice

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dviguṇa

dviguṇa - double, twofold, twice, multiplied by two

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent of nature, multiply, string
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'āyatam' and agrees with the implied 'ālayam'.

आयतम् (āyatam) - long, extended, stretched out

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyata

āyata - long, extended, stretched out, controlled

Past Passive Participle

From the root 'yam' (to restrain, control) with prefix 'ā-' (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'ālayam'.

दर्शनीयम् (darśanīyam) - beautiful, worth seeing, lovely, visible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of darśanīya

darśanīya - beautiful, worth seeing, lovely, visible, admirable

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From the root 'dṛś' (to see) with the suffix '-anīya'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'ālayam'.

निराबाधम् (nirābādham) - unobstructed, unhindered, free from pain or difficulty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirābādha

nirābādha - unobstructed, unimpeded, free from distress or hindrance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ābādha)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
• ābādha – hindrance, obstruction, distress, pain, suffering
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bādh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'ālayam'.

कुम्भकर्णस्य (kumbhakarṇasya) - of Kumbhakarṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarṇa (name of Ravana's giant brother in the Rāmāyaṇa)

चक्रिरे (cakrire) - they made, they did, they constructed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the craftsmen from the previous verse.

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