वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-13, verse-19

दृष्टं मे नन्दनं भग्नमृषयो निहताः श्रुताः ।
देवानां तु समुद्योगस्त्वत्तो राजञ् श्रुतश्च मे ॥१९॥

19. dṛṣṭaṃ me nandanaṃ bhagnamṛṣayo nihatāḥ śrutāḥ ,
devānāṃ tu samudyogastvatto rājañ śrutaśca me.

19. dṛṣṭam me nandanam bhagnam ṛṣayaḥ nihatāḥ śrutāḥ
devānām tu samudyogaḥ tvattaḥ rājan śrutaḥ ca me

19. me nandanam bhagnam dṛṣṭam ṛṣayaḥ nihatāḥ śrutāḥ
rājan tu me tvattaḥ devānām samudyogaḥ ca śrutaḥ

19. I saw the Nandana grove destroyed, and I heard that the sages were slain. O King, I also heard from you about the great endeavor of the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen

• मे (me) - by me

• नन्दनम् (nandanam) - The celestial pleasure grove of Indra. (the Nandana grove)

• भग्नम् (bhagnam) - broken, destroyed

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - slain, killed

• श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - heard, reported

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

• समुद्योगः (samudyogaḥ) - great effort, endeavor

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - heard

• च (ca) - and

• मे (me) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, viewed, perceived, experienced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś- 'to see'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nandanam'.

मे (me) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Implied agent with the passive participle 'dṛṣṭam' and 'śrutaḥ'.

नन्दनम् (nandanam) - The celestial pleasure grove of Indra. (the Nandana grove)

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nandana

nandana - delight, joy; a pleasure garden, specifically Indra's celestial grove

भग्नम् (bhagnam) - broken, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhañj- 'to break'

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'nandanam'.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - struck down, slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han- (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣayaḥ'.

श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - heard, reported

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, known (by tradition), reported

Past Passive Particupative

Derived from root śru- 'to hear'

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣayaḥ', predicative 'heard to be slain'.

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, celestial being

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

समुद्योगः (samudyogaḥ) - great effort, endeavor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudyoga

samudyoga - great effort, exertion, enterprise, preparation

Derived from root yuj- (to join, apply) with prefixes sam- and ud-.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: yuj (class 7)

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - heard

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, known (by tradition), reported

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru- 'to hear'

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'samudyogaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Implied agent with the passive participle 'śrutaḥ'.