वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-66, verse-3

वृक्षशूलनिपातैश्च शिलापरिघपातनैः ।
अन्योन्यं मर्दयन्ति स्म तदा कपिनिशाचराः ॥३॥

3. vṛkṣaśūlanipātaiśca śilāparighapātanaiḥ ,
anyonyaṃ mardayanti sma tadā kapiniśācarāḥ.

3. vṛkṣaśūlanipātaiḥ ca śilāparighapātanaiḥ
anyonyam mardayanti sma tadā kapiniśācarāḥ

3. tadā kapiniśācarāḥ vṛkṣaśūlanipātaiḥ ca
śilāparighapātanaiḥ anyonyam mardayanti sma

3. Then, the monkeys and the night-roaming demons (niśācara) crushed each other with blows from tree-spears and by hurling rocks and iron bars.

Words meanings summery:

• वृक्षशूलनिपातैः (vṛkṣaśūlanipātaiḥ) - by the impacts/strikes of tree-spears

• च (ca) - and

• शिलापरिघपातनैः (śilāparighapātanaiḥ) - by the throwing down/striking with rocks and iron bars

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• मर्दयन्ति (mardayanti) - they crush, they destroy, they pound

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कपिनिशाचराः (kapiniśācarāḥ) - monkeys and night-wanderers (demons)

Words meanings and morphology

वृक्षशूलनिपातैः (vṛkṣaśūlanipātaiḥ) - by the impacts/strikes of tree-spears

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛkṣaśūlanipāta

vṛkṣaśūlanipāta - impact of trees and spears, falling of trees used as spears

Compound referring to the impacts of trees (used as weapons) and spears.

Compound type : dvandva (vṛkṣa+śūla+nipāta)

• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
• śūla – spear, pike, dart
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śūl (class 1)
• nipāta – falling, striking, throwing down, impact
  noun (masculine)
  From root pat (to fall) with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Means by which the action is performed

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects phrases

शिलापरिघपातनैः (śilāparighapātanaiḥ) - by the throwing down/striking with rocks and iron bars

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śilāparighapātana

śilāparighapātana - throwing down of rocks and iron bars, impact of rocks and iron bars

Compound meaning 'falling/throwing of rocks and iron bars'. A dvandva compound within a tatpurusha.

Compound type : dvandva (śilā+parigha+pātana)

• śilā – rock, stone
  noun (feminine)
• parigha – iron bar, club, bolt
  noun (masculine)
• pātana – causing to fall, striking, throwing
  noun (masculine)
  Causal Agent Noun
  From root pat (to fall) in causal form + -ana suffix
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Means by which the action is performed

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(pronoun)

Accusative of anyonya

anyonya - mutual, each other, one another

Repetition of anya (other)

Note: Object of the verb 'mardayanti'

मर्दयन्ति (mardayanti) - they crush, they destroy, they pound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of mṛd

present indicative

From root mṛd (to crush)

Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past action

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

Note: Denotes past action when used with present tense verb.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + -dā suffix

Note: Temporal adverb

कपिनिशाचराः (kapiniśācarāḥ) - monkeys and night-wanderers (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kapiniśācara

kapiniśācara - monkeys and demons

Dvandva compound of kapi (monkey) and niśācara (night-wanderer/demon)

Compound type : dvandva (kapi+niśācara)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kamp (to tremble, shake) or often considered a primary noun.
  Root: kamp (class 1)
• niśācara – night-wanderer, demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of niśā (night) and cara (moving, wandering)

Note: Subject of the verb 'mardayanti sma'