वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-66, verse-10

तिष्ठ राम मया सार्धं द्वन्द्वयुद्धं ददामि ते ।
त्याजयिष्यामि ते प्राणान्धनुर्मुक्तैः शितैः शरैः ॥१०॥

10. tiṣṭha rāma mayā sārdhaṃ dvandvayuddhaṃ dadāmi te ,
tyājayiṣyāmi te prāṇāndhanurmuktaiḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

10. tiṣṭha rāma mayā sārdham dvandvayuddham dadāmi te
tyājayṣyāmi te prāṇān dhanurmuktaiḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ

10. rāma mayā sārdham tiṣṭha te dvandvayuddham dadāmi
dhanurmuktaiḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ te prāṇān tyājayṣyāmi

10. Rāma, stand here with me! I offer you a duel. I will make you abandon your life with sharp arrows released from my bow.

Words meanings summery:

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stand (here, implying 'stand and fight') (stand, stay, remain, exist)

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma (Rāma)

• मया (mayā) - with me (by me, with me)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with (me) (with, together with)

• द्वन्द्वयुद्धम् (dvandvayuddham) - a duel (duel, single combat)

• ददामि (dadāmi) - I offer (a duel) (I give, I offer)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

• त्याजय्ष्यामि (tyājayṣyāmi) - I will take away (your life) (I will cause to abandon, I will make you give up, I will take away)

• ते (te) - your (life) (your)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - your life (plural used to denote life) (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• धनुर्मुक्तैः (dhanurmuktaiḥ) - released from the bow (released from the bow, shot from the bow)

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - sharp (sharp, keen, sharpened)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stand (here, implying 'stand and fight') (stand, stay, remain, exist)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Present Active Imperative

2nd person singular, active voice

Root: sthā (class 1)

राम (rāma) - O Rāma (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name)

मया (mayā) - with me (by me, with me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with (me) (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Often used with instrumental case.

द्वन्द्वयुद्धम् (dvandvayuddham) - a duel (duel, single combat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvandvayuddha

dvandvayuddha - duel, single combat

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvandva+yuddha)

• dvandva – pair, couple, conflict, antagonism
  noun (masculine)
• yuddha – battle, fight, combat, war
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dadāmi'.

ददामि (dadāmi) - I offer (a duel) (I give, I offer)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Present Active Indicative

1st person singular, active voice

Root: dā (class 3)

ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can also be genitive or locative dual. Here dative singular, recipient of the action 'dadāmi'.

त्याजय्ष्यामि (tyājayṣyāmi) - I will take away (your life) (I will cause to abandon, I will make you give up, I will take away)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of tyaj

Future Active Causative Indicative

From causative stem 'tyājaya-', Future 1st person singular, active voice.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

ते (te) - your (life) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Genitive singular, possessive.

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - your life (plural used to denote life) (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, spirit

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of 'tyājayṣyāmi'.

धनुर्मुक्तैः (dhanurmuktaiḥ) - released from the bow (released from the bow, shot from the bow)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dhanurmukta

dhanurmukta - released from the bow

Past Passive Participle of 'muc' with 'dhanus' as instrumental.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+mukta)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• mukta – released, liberated, freed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'muc'
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - sharp (sharp, keen, sharpened)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, keen, sharp, ground

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śo' (to sharpen) or 'śi' (to sharpen).

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 1)

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