वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-32, verse-10

अहो धिग्धिक्कृतमिदं कथितं हि यदस्य मे ।
रूपान्तरमुपागम्य स एवायं हि रावणः ॥१०॥

10. aho dhigdhikkṛtamidaṃ kathitaṃ hi yadasya me ,
rūpāntaramupāgamya sa evāyaṃ hi rāvaṇaḥ.

10. aho dhik dhik kṛtam idam kathitam hi yat asya
me rūpāntaram upāgamya saḥ eva ayam hi rāvaṇaḥ

10. Oh, alas, alas! That I spoke to him! Having assumed a different form, this is indeed that very Rāvaṇa!

Words meanings summery:

• अहो (aho) - Oh! Alas! (interjection)

• धिक् (dhik) - shame! woe! alas!

• धिक् (dhik) - shame! woe! alas!

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

• इदम् (idam) - this

• कथितम् (kathitam) - spoken, said

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• यत् (yat) - that, which

• अस्य (asya) - of him, to him

• मे (me) - by me, to me, my

• रूपान्तरम् (rūpāntaram) - another form, a different appearance

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having assumed, having obtained, having approached

• सः (saḥ) - he

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• अयम् (ayam) - this one

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - Oh! Alas! (interjection)

(indeclinable)

धिक् (dhik) - shame! woe! alas!

(indeclinable)

धिक् (dhik) - shame! woe! alas!

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ with suffix -ta

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

कथितम् (kathitam) - spoken, said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kath (10th class derivative of kṛt)

Root: kath (class 10)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - that, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what

अस्य (asya) - of him, to him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, him

मे (me) - by me, to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Here used in agentive sense with passive participle 'kathitam'

रूपान्तरम् (rūpāntaram) - another form, a different appearance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpāntara

rūpāntara - another form, different shape or appearance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rūpa+antara)

• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)
• antara – other, different, distinct, interval
  adjective (neuter)

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having assumed, having obtained, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root gam with prefixes upa and ā, and suffix -ya

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the antagonist of the Rāmāyaṇa)

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