वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-32, verse-1

तस्यास्तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा हनूमान् हरियूथपः ।
दुःखाद्दुःखाभिभूतायाः सान्तमुत्तरमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. tasyāstadvacanaṃ śrutvā hanūmān hariyūthapaḥ ,
duḥkhādduḥkhābhibhūtāyāḥ sāntamuttaramabravīt.

1. tasyāḥ tat vacanam śrutvā hanūmān hariyūthapaḥ
duḥkhāt duḥkhābhibhūtāyāḥ sāntam uttaram abravīt

1. duḥkhāt duḥkhābhibhūtāyāḥ tasyāḥ tat vacanam
śrutvā hariyūthapaḥ hanūmān sāntam uttaram abravīt

1. Having heard those words from her, who was overwhelmed by grief, Hanumān, the chief of the monkeys, gave a comforting reply.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her, from her

• तत् (tat) - that

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanumān (proper noun)

• हरियूथपः (hariyūthapaḥ) - chief of the monkeys

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow, due to sorrow

• दुःखाभिभूतायाः (duḥkhābhibhūtāyāḥ) - of her who was overcome by sorrow, by sorrow afflicted

• सान्तम् (sāntam) - comforting, with comfort, soothing

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - answer, reply, later, northern

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her, from her

(pronoun)

feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine genitive/ablative singular of 'tad'

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Neuter nominative/accusative singular of 'tad', refers to 'vacanam'

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement

from root vac-

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Neuter accusative singular of 'vacana'

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from root śru- with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) of root 'śru'

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanumān (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanumat

hanumat - Hanumān (name of a prominent Vanara deity)

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'hanumat'

हरियूथपः (hariyūthapaḥ) - chief of the monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hariyūthapa

hariyūthapa - chief of the monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+yūthapa)

• hari – monkey, lion, Viṣṇu
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – leader of a herd/group, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'hariyūthapa', in apposition to Hanumān

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow, due to sorrow

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, misery, suffering

Note: Neuter ablative singular of 'duḥkha'

दुःखाभिभूतायाः (duḥkhābhibhūtāyāḥ) - of her who was overcome by sorrow, by sorrow afflicted

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of duḥkhābhibhūtā

duḥkhābhibhūtā - overcome by sorrow

Past Passive Participle

Compound of duḥkha (sorrow) and abhibhūta (overcome/afflicted). abhibhūta from abhi + bhū (to be, to overcome)

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+abhibhūta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)
• abhibhūta – overcome, defeated, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from abhi + bhū with suffix -ta
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Feminine genitive singular of 'duḥkhābhibhūtā', agreeing with 'tasyāḥ'

सान्तम् (sāntam) - comforting, with comfort, soothing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sānta

sānta - comforting, tranquil, peaceful

from śam with suffix -ta, or from sa-anta

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Neuter accusative singular of 'sānta', agreeing with 'uttaram'

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - answer, reply, later, northern

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - answer, reply, northern, subsequent

Note: Neuter accusative singular of 'uttara'

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

from root brū- (or vac- in some conjugations), imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Third person singular imperfect active of root 'brū'