वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-18, verse-9

मया पार्श्वे सधनुषा तव गुप्तस्य राघव ।
कः समर्थो ऽधिकं कर्तुं कृतान्तस्येव तिष्ठतः ॥९॥

9. mayā pārśve sadhanuṣā tava guptasya rāghava ,
kaḥ samartho'dhikaṃ kartuṃ kṛtāntasyeva tiṣṭhataḥ.

9. mayā pārśve sadhanuṣā tava guptasya rāghava kaḥ
samarthaḥ adhikam kartum kṛtāntasya iva tiṣṭhataḥ

9. rāghava,
sadhanuṣā mayā pārśve guptasya tava adhikam kartum kaḥ samarthaḥ kṛtāntasya iva tiṣṭhataḥ.

9. O Raghava, who is capable of doing more [harm] to you, who are protected by me standing at your side with a bow, just as one cannot do more [harm] to the very Lord of Death (Kṛtānta) himself when he stands?

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - by me, with me

• पार्श्वे (pārśve) - at the side, near

• सधनुषा (sadhanuṣā) - with a bow, armed with a bow

• तव (tava) - your

• गुप्तस्य (guptasya) - of the protected one, of one who is guarded

• राघव (rāghava) - O Raghava (descendant of Raghu)

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able

• अधिकम् (adhikam) - more, excessive, additional

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

• कृतान्तस्य (kṛtāntasya) - of Kṛtānta (death, Yama)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - of one who stands, standing

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - by me, with me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

पार्श्वे (pārśve) - at the side, near

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pārśva

pārśva - side, flank, vicinity

सधनुषा (sadhanuṣā) - with a bow, armed with a bow

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sadhanuṣ

sadhanuṣ - armed with a bow

Bahuvrihi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'dhanuṣ' (bow)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+dhanuṣ)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• dhanuṣ – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'mayā' (by me, who is with a bow)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

गुप्तस्य (guptasya) - of the protected one, of one who is guarded

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gupta

gupta - protected, guarded, hidden, secret

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gup' (to protect, hide)

Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tava' (implied person, Rama)

राघव (rāghava) - O Raghava (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rama, Lakshmana etc.

Patronymic from Raghu

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - capable, able, competent, suitable

Prefix 'sam-' (together, with) + 'artha' (purpose, meaning, ability)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sam+artha)

• sam – together, with, completely
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth, affair, ability
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'kaḥ'

अधिकम् (adhikam) - more, excessive, additional

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adhika

adhika - more, excessive, superior, additional

Prefix 'adhi-' (over, above) + 'ka'

Note: Functions adverbially here, 'to do *more*'

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

(verb)

infinitive of kṛ

Infinitive

Root 'kṛ', ending '-tum'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कृतान्तस्य (kṛtāntasya) - of Kṛtānta (death, Yama)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛtānta

kṛtānta - the end of action, fate, death, Yama (god of death, Kṛtānta)

Compound of 'kṛta' (done) + 'anta' (end)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛta+anta)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• anta – end, boundary, death
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - of one who stands, standing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sthā

sthā - to stand, stay, remain, exist

Present Active Participle

Root 'sthā', 1st class (bhū-ādi), parasmaipada

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛtāntasya' (of Kṛtānta who is standing/present)