वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-18, verse-25

विलपन्तीं तथा दीनां कौसल्यां जननीं ततः ।
उवाच रामो धर्मात्मा वचनं धर्मसंहितम् ॥२५॥

25. vilapantīṃ tathā dīnāṃ kausalyāṃ jananīṃ tataḥ ,
uvāca rāmo dharmātmā vacanaṃ dharmasaṃhitam.

25. vilapantīm tathā dīnām kausalyām jananīm tataḥ
uvāca rāmaḥ dharmātmā vacanam dharmasaṃhitam

25. tataḥ dharmātmā rāmaḥ vilapantīm tathā dīnām
jananīm kausalyām dharmasaṃhitam vacanam uvāca

25. Then, the righteous-souled (dharmātman) Rama spoke words imbued with (dharma) to his mother Kaushalya, who was lamenting and distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• विलपन्तीम् (vilapantīm) - lamenting, wailing, weeping

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and, similarly

• दीनाम् (dīnām) - distressed, miserable, wretched, afflicted

• कौसल्याम् (kausalyām) - Rama's mother (Kaushalya)

• जननीम् (jananīm) - mother

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama of Ayodhya (Rama)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled, virtuous, whose soul is (dharma)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, utterance, command

• धर्मसंहितम् (dharmasaṁhitam) - consistent with (dharma), righteous, imbued with (dharma)

Words meanings and morphology

विलपन्तीम् (vilapantīm) - lamenting, wailing, weeping

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vilapat

lap - to lament, wail, speak

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √lap (1st class) with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'Kausalyām'

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and, similarly

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vilapantīm' and 'dīnām'

दीनाम् (dīnām) - distressed, miserable, wretched, afflicted

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, miserable, poor, wretched

Note: Modifies 'Kausalyām'

कौसल्याम् (kausalyām) - Rama's mother (Kaushalya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kaushalya (mother of Rama)

जननीम् (jananīm) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jananī

jananī - mother, producer

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'Kausalyām'

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama of Ayodhya (Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name, hero of the Ramayana), pleasing, beautiful

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled, virtuous, whose soul is (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous-souled, virtuous, whose essence is (dharma)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'Rāmaḥ'

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, utterance, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, utterance

Derived from root √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्मसंहितम् (dharmasaṁhitam) - consistent with (dharma), righteous, imbued with (dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmasaṃhita

dharmasaṁhita - consistent with (dharma), righteous, imbued with (dharma)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dharma+saṃhita)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• saṃhita – joined, connected, composed, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √dhā with upasarga sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'vacanam'