वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-18, verse-34

संश्रुत्य च पितुर्वाक्यं मातुर्वा ब्राह्मणस्य वा ।
न कर्तव्यं वृथा वीर धर्ममाश्रित्य तिष्ठता ॥३४॥

34. saṃśrutya ca piturvākyaṃ māturvā brāhmaṇasya vā ,
na kartavyaṃ vṛthā vīra dharmamāśritya tiṣṭhatā.

34. saṃśrutya ca pituḥ vākyam mātuḥ vā brāhmaṇasya vā
na kartavyam vṛthā vīra dharmam āśritya tiṣṭhatā

34. ca pituḥ vā mātuḥ vā brāhmaṇasya vā vākyam saṃśrutya
vīra dharmam āśritya tiṣṭhatā vṛthā na kartavyam

34. And after promising to obey the word of one's father, or mother, or a Brahmin, O hero, one who abides by natural law (dharma) should not make it fruitless (by breaking that promise).

Words meanings summery:

• संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having promised, having heard well

• च (ca) - and

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, command

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother

• वा (vā) - or

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brahmin

• वा (vā) - or

• न (na) - not

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should not be made fruitless (should be done, ought to be done)

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

• वीर (vīra) - O hero

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, duty, righteousness

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having resorted to, depending on, based on

• तिष्ठता (tiṣṭhatā) - by one who stands, by one who abides

Words meanings and morphology

संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having promised, having heard well

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from 'sam' + root 'śru' (to hear) with -ya suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, command, statement

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brahmin

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin (member of priestly caste), relating to Brahman

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should not be made fruitless (should be done, ought to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, proper to be done, duty

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Formed from root 'kṛ' (to do) with -tavya suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

(indeclinable)

वीर (vīra) - O hero

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion, custom, intrinsic nature

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having resorted to, depending on, based on

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from 'ā' + root 'śri' (to resort to) with -ya suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

तिष्ठता (tiṣṭhatā) - by one who stands, by one who abides

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, abiding, existing

Present Active Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)