वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-18, verse-27

ऋषिणा च पितुर्वाक्यं कुर्वता व्रतचारिणा ।
गौर्हता जानता धर्मं कण्डुनापि विपश्चिता ॥२७॥

27. ṛṣiṇā ca piturvākyaṃ kurvatā vratacāriṇā ,
gaurhatā jānatā dharmaṃ kaṇḍunāpi vipaścitā.

27. ṛṣiṇā ca pituḥ vākyam kurvatā vratacāriṇā gauḥ
hatā jānatā dharmam kaṇḍunā api vipaścitā

27. ca ṛṣiṇā vratacāriṇā vipaścitā kaṇḍunā api
pituḥ vākyam kurvatā dharmam jānatā gauḥ hatā

27. And by the sage Kaṇḍu, who was wise (vipaścit) and observed his vows (vratacārin), a cow was killed while he was carrying out his father's command, even though he knew (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषिणा (ṛṣiṇā) - by the sage

• च (ca) - and, also

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - command, word, speech

• कुर्वता (kurvatā) - doing, performing, carrying out

• व्रतचारिणा (vratacāriṇā) - by the vow-observing one, by one observing a vow

• गौः (gauḥ) - a cow (cow, bull, earth, ray)

• हता (hatā) - killed, slain, destroyed

• जानता (jānatā) - knowing, by one who knows

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - (dharma), righteousness, duty, natural law

• कण्डुना (kaṇḍunā) - by the sage Kaṇḍu (by Kaṇḍu)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• विपश्चिता (vipaścitā) - by the wise, by the learned

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषिणा (ṛṣiṇā) - by the sage

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - command, word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, command

कुर्वता (kurvatā) - doing, performing, carrying out

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kurvat

kṛ - to do, make, perform

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √kṛ (8th class)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'ṛṣiṇā' (Kaṇḍunā)

व्रतचारिणा (vratacāriṇā) - by the vow-observing one, by one observing a vow

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vratacārin

vratacārin - observing a vow, performing a religious duty

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vrata+cārin)

• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – practicing, observing, going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √car (to move, practice)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ṛṣiṇā' (Kaṇḍunā)

गौः (gauḥ) - a cow (cow, bull, earth, ray)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, bull, earth, ray of light, heaven

हता (hatā) - killed, slain, destroyed

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed, smitten

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'gauḥ'

जानता (jānatā) - knowing, by one who knows

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jānat

jñā - to know, understand

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √jñā (9th class)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'ṛṣiṇā' (Kaṇḍunā)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - (dharma), righteousness, duty, natural law

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, constitution, cosmic order

Note: Object of 'jānatā'

कण्डुना (kaṇḍunā) - by the sage Kaṇḍu (by Kaṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kaṇḍu

kaṇḍu - Kaṇḍu (name of a sage)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

विपश्चिता (vipaścitā) - by the wise, by the learned

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vipaścit

vipaścit - wise, learned, intelligent

Note: Modifies 'ṛṣiṇā' (Kaṇḍunā)