वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-18, verse-28

अस्माकं च कुले पूर्वं सगरस्याज्ञया पितुः ।
खनद्भिः सागरैर्भूतिमवाप्तः सुमहान् वधः ॥२८॥

28. asmākaṃ ca kule pūrvaṃ sagarasyājñayā pituḥ ,
khanadbhiḥ sāgarairbhūtimavāptaḥ sumahān vadhaḥ.

28. asmākam ca kule pūrvam sagarasya ājñayā pituḥ
khanadbhiḥ sāgaraiḥ bhūtim avāptaḥ sumahān vadhaḥ

28. pūrvam asmākam kule ca pituḥ sagarasya ājñayā
khanadbhiḥ sāgaraiḥ sumahān vadhaḥ bhūtim avāptaḥ

28. And previously, in our lineage, a very great destruction occurred, caused by the sons of Sagara who were digging at the command of their father Sagara.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of our family (of us, our)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कुले (kule) - in our lineage (in the family, in the lineage)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (before, formerly, previously)

• सगरस्य (sagarasya) - of King Sagara (of Sagara)

• आज्ञया (ājñayā) - by the command (by command, by order)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Sagara) (of the father)

• खनद्भिः (khanadbhiḥ) - by the sons (of Sagara) who were digging (by those digging)

• सागरैः (sāgaraiḥ) - by the sixty thousand sons of Sagara (by the Sagaras, by the sons of Sagara)

• भूतिम् (bhūtim) - an occurrence (of destruction) (occurrence, manifestation, prosperity, wealth)

• अवाप्तः (avāptaḥ) - occurred, manifested (as a very great destruction was obtained/incurred) (obtained, attained, incurred)

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great (very great, immense)

• वधः (vadhaḥ) - destruction (of life) (killing, slaughter, destruction)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of our family (of us, our)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Refers to the lineage or family.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कुले (kule) - in our lineage (in the family, in the lineage)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, clan, race

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (before, formerly, previously)

(indeclinable)

सगरस्य (sagarasya) - of King Sagara (of Sagara)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Sagara (a king of the Solar Dynasty)

आज्ञया (ājñayā) - by the command (by command, by order)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ājñā

ājñā - command, order, permission

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Sagara) (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

खनद्भिः (khanadbhiḥ) - by the sons (of Sagara) who were digging (by those digging)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of khanat

khanat - digging, one who digs

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root 'khan' (to dig) in present active participle form.

Root: khan (class 1)

सागरैः (sāgaraiḥ) - by the sixty thousand sons of Sagara (by the Sagaras, by the sons of Sagara)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāgara

sāgara - son of Sagara, relating to Sagara

Derived from Sagara with 'aṇ' suffix indicating 'son of'.

भूतिम् (bhūtim) - an occurrence (of destruction) (occurrence, manifestation, prosperity, wealth)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūti

bhūti - existence, welfare, prosperity, supernatural power, manifestation, occurrence

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be, become).

Root: bhū (class 1)

अवाप्तः (avāptaḥ) - occurred, manifested (as a very great destruction was obtained/incurred) (obtained, attained, incurred)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāpta

avāpta - obtained, attained, gained, incurred

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great (very great, immense)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense, enormous

Compound of 'su' (very, good) and 'mahat' (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (masculine)

वधः (vadhaḥ) - destruction (of life) (killing, slaughter, destruction)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, slaughter, destruction

Derived from root 'vadh' (to strike, slay).

Root: vadh (class 1)