मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-53, verse-40
तपस्तेपे महाभागः पुलहाश्रमसंश्रयः ।
हिमाह्विं दक्षिणं वर्षं भरताय पिता ददौ ॥४०॥
हिमाह्विं दक्षिणं वर्षं भरताय पिता ददौ ॥४०॥
40. tapastepe mahābhāgaḥ pulahāśramasaṃśrayaḥ .
himāhviṃ dakṣiṇaṃ varṣaṃ bharatāya pitā dadau.
himāhviṃ dakṣiṇaṃ varṣaṃ bharatāya pitā dadau.
40.
tapaḥ tepe mahābhāgaḥ pulahāśramasaṃśrayaḥ
himāhvam dakṣiṇam varṣam bharatāya pitā dadau
himāhvam dakṣiṇam varṣam bharatāya pitā dadau
40.
The great-souled (mahābhāga) King Ṛṣabha, having taken refuge in Pulaha's hermitage, performed severe penance (tapas). The father (Ṛṣabha) then gave the southern region called Himāhva to Bharata.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual austerity (tapas) (penance, austerity, heat)
- तेपे (tepe) - Ṛṣabha performed austerities (performed, practiced (penance))
- महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - describes Ṛṣabha as illustrious and blessed with great fortune (great-souled, highly fortunate, illustrious)
- पुलहाश्रमसंश्रयः (pulahāśramasaṁśrayaḥ) - Ṛṣabha took shelter in the hermitage of the sage Pulaha (resorting to Pulaha's hermitage, taking refuge in Pulaha's hermitage)
- हिमाह्वम् (himāhvam) - a specific geographical region, identified with Himavarṣa, later known as Bhāratavarṣa (named Himāhva)
- दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - the southern part of the earth/continent (southern, right)
- वर्षम् (varṣam) - geographical division or country (region, country, year, rain)
- भरताय (bharatāya) - to his son, King Bharata (to Bharata)
- पिता (pitā) - Ṛṣabha, Bharata's father (father)
- ददौ (dadau) - Ṛṣabha gave the kingdom to Bharata (gave, offered)
Words meanings and morphology
तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual austerity (tapas) (penance, austerity, heat)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - heat, penance, austerity, religious mortification
From root tap (to heat, suffer)
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: Object of tepe.
तेपे (tepe) - Ṛṣabha performed austerities (performed, practiced (penance))
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of tap
Perfect middle indicative
3rd person singular perfect middle indicative (liṭ).
Root: tap (class 1)
महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - describes Ṛṣabha as illustrious and blessed with great fortune (great-souled, highly fortunate, illustrious)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga
mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, illustrious, noble, great-souled, venerable
Bahuvrīhi compound
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bhāga)
- mahat – great, large, noble
adjective
Stem form of mahat (great) - bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny, division
noun (masculine)
From root bhaj (to divide, obtain)
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Refers to Ṛṣabha.
पुलहाश्रमसंश्रयः (pulahāśramasaṁśrayaḥ) - Ṛṣabha took shelter in the hermitage of the sage Pulaha (resorting to Pulaha's hermitage, taking refuge in Pulaha's hermitage)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pulahāśramasaṃśraya
pulahāśramasaṁśraya - one who takes refuge in Pulaha's hermitage
Tatpuruṣa compound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pulaha+āśrama+saṃśraya)
- pulaha – Pulaha (name of one of the ten Prajāpatis, a sage)
proper noun (masculine) - āśrama – hermitage, retreat, stage of life (āśrama)
noun (masculine)
From ā (prefix) + root śram (to toil, exert oneself)
Prefix: ā
Root: śram (class 4) - saṃśraya – resort, refuge, asylum, dependence
noun (masculine)
From sam (prefix) + root śrī (to resort to, cling to)
Prefix: sam
Root: śrī (class 1)
Note: Qualifies mahābhāgaḥ / Ṛṣabha.
हिमाह्वम् (himāhvam) - a specific geographical region, identified with Himavarṣa, later known as Bhāratavarṣa (named Himāhva)
(proper noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of himāhva
himāhva - named Hima, the region identified with the Himālayas ('Hima-āhva' - 'called Hima')
Bahuvrīhi compound
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hima+āhva)
- hima – cold, frost, snow, ice
noun (neuter) - āhva – name, appellation, call
noun (neuter)
From root hve (to call) with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: hve (class 1)
Note: Object of dadau.
दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - the southern part of the earth/continent (southern, right)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dakṣiṇa
dakṣiṇa - southern, right, skillful, clever
Root: dakṣ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies varṣam.
वर्षम् (varṣam) - geographical division or country (region, country, year, rain)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣa
varṣa - rain, year, division of the earth, region, country
From root vṛṣ (to rain)
Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
Note: Object of dadau.
भरताय (bharatāya) - to his son, King Bharata (to Bharata)
(proper noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of bharata
bharata - Bharata (name of several kings), maintained, cherished
From root bhṛ (to bear, carry, support)
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
Note: Recipient of the gift.
पिता (pitā) - Ṛṣabha, Bharata's father (father)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
Note: Subject of dadau.
ददौ (dadau) - Ṛṣabha gave the kingdom to Bharata (gave, offered)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā
Perfect active indicative
3rd person singular perfect active indicative (liṭ).
Root: dā (class 3)