मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-53, verse-32
पञ्चस्वेतेषु वर्षेषु सर्वसाधारणः स्मृतः ।
अग्नीध्राय पिता पूर्वं जम्बुद्वीपं ददौ द्विज ॥३२॥
अग्नीध्राय पिता पूर्वं जम्बुद्वीपं ददौ द्विज ॥३२॥
32. pañcasveteṣu varṣeṣu sarvasādhāraṇaḥ smṛtaḥ .
agnīdhrāya pitā pūrvaṃ jambudvīpaṃ dadau dvija.
agnīdhrāya pitā pūrvaṃ jambudvīpaṃ dadau dvija.
32.
pañcasu eteṣu varṣeṣu sarvasādhāraṇaḥ smṛtaḥ
agnīdhrāya pitā pūrvam jambudvīpam dadau dvija
agnīdhrāya pitā pūrvam jambudvīpam dadau dvija
32.
In these five regions, (dharma) is considered common to all. Formerly, O twice-born (dvija), the father gave Jambūdvīpa to Agnīdhra.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पञ्चसु (pañcasu) - in these five (in/among the five)
- एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these (in/among these)
- वर्षेषु (varṣeṣu) - in these regions (in/among the regions, in the divisions)
- सर्वसाधारणः (sarvasādhāraṇaḥ) - common to all (common to all, universal, general)
- स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered, is remembered (remembered, considered, taught in sacred tradition)
- अग्नीध्राय (agnīdhrāya) - to Agnīdhra
- पिता (pitā) - (his) father (father)
- पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly (previously, formerly, first)
- जम्बुद्वीपम् (jambudvīpam) - Jambūdvīpa (the continent) (Jambūdvīpa (a continent))
- ददौ (dadau) - gave
- द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (dvija), addressing a Brahmin (O twice-born, O Brahmin)
Words meanings and morphology
पञ्चसु (pañcasu) - in these five (in/among the five)
(numeral)
Note: Qualifies 'varṣeṣu'.
एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these (in/among these)
(pronoun)
Locative, neuter, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Qualifies 'varṣeṣu'.
वर्षेषु (varṣeṣu) - in these regions (in/among the regions, in the divisions)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of varṣa
varṣa - year, rainy season, region, division of the earth
Note: Refers to the regions of Plakṣadvīpa or a subset thereof.
सर्वसाधारणः (sarvasādhāraṇaḥ) - common to all (common to all, universal, general)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvasādhāraṇa
sarvasādhāraṇa - common to all, universal
Compound of sarva (all) + sādhāraṇa (common)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+sādhāraṇa)
- sarva – all, every
pronoun - sādhāraṇa – common, general, ordinary
adjective
Derived from sādhāra (common basis)
Note: Predicate of 'dharmaḥ' (from previous verse, implied here).
स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered, is remembered (remembered, considered, taught in sacred tradition)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, known, considered, taught in smṛti
Past Passive Participle
From root smṛ (to remember) with kta suffix.
Root: smṛ (class 1)
Note: Predicate of 'dharmaḥ' (implied).
अग्नीध्राय (agnīdhrāya) - to Agnīdhra
(proper noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of agnīdhra
agnīdhra - name of a son of Priyavrata, a type of priest
Note: Recipient of the gift.
पिता (pitā) - (his) father (father)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
Note: Subject of 'dadau'. Refers to Priyavrata.
पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly (previously, formerly, first)
(indeclinable)
Note: Functions as an adverb here.
जम्बुद्वीपम् (jambudvīpam) - Jambūdvīpa (the continent) (Jambūdvīpa (a continent))
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of jambudvīpa
jambudvīpa - the continent of Jambū (named after the jambū tree)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jambū+dvīpa)
- jambū – rose-apple tree
noun (feminine) - dvīpa – island, continent, region
noun (masculine)
Note: Direct object of 'dadau'.
ददौ (dadau) - gave
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā
Perfect tense (liṭ)
Root: dā (class 3)
द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (dvija), addressing a Brahmin (O twice-born, O Brahmin)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, tooth
Compound of dvi (two) + ja (born)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jan)
- dvi – two
numeral - jan – to be born
root
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: A common address for Brahmins in sacred texts.