मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-53, verse-37
विपर्ययो न तेष्वस्ति जरामृत्युभयं न च ।
धर्माधर्मौ न तेष्वास्तां नोत्तमाधममध्यमाः ॥३७॥
धर्माधर्मौ न तेष्वास्तां नोत्तमाधममध्यमाः ॥३७॥
37. viparyayo na teṣvasti jarāmṛtyubhayaṃ na ca .
dharmādharmau na teṣvāstāṃ nottamādhamamadhyamāḥ.
dharmādharmau na teṣvāstāṃ nottamādhamamadhyamāḥ.
37.
viparyayaḥ na teṣu asti jarāmṛtyubhayam na ca
dharmādharamau na teṣu āstām na uttamādhamamadhyamāḥ
dharmādharamau na teṣu āstām na uttamādhamamadhyamāḥ
37.
Among them, there is no perversion, nor is there any fear of old age and death. Neither righteousness (dharma) nor unrighteousness (adharma) exists for them, nor are there any distinctions of superior, inferior, or middle.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विपर्ययः (viparyayaḥ) - perversion or disorder in the natural order of things (reversal, perversion, disorder, calamity)
- न (na) - not, no
- तेषु (teṣu) - among the inhabitants of the region being described (among them, in them)
- अस्ति (asti) - is, exists
- जरामृत्युभयम् (jarāmṛtyubhayam) - fear of old age and death
- न (na) - not, no
- च (ca) - and, also
- धर्माधरमौ (dharmādharamau) - referring to the ethical dualities of good and evil (dharma and adharma) (righteousness and unrighteousness)
- न (na) - not, no
- तेषु (teṣu) - among the inhabitants of the region being described (among them, in them)
- आस्ताम् (āstām) - they did not exist (in the context of 'na') (may exist, let them exist, they existed)
- न (na) - not, no
- उत्तमाधममध्यमाः (uttamādhamamadhyamāḥ) - social or hierarchical distinctions of excellent, worst, and mediocre (superior, inferior, and middle ones)
Words meanings and morphology
विपर्ययः (viparyayaḥ) - perversion or disorder in the natural order of things (reversal, perversion, disorder, calamity)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of viparyaya
viparyaya - reversal, inversion, error, perversion, calamity
From vi-pari-i + ac suffix
Prefixes: vi+pari
Root: i (class 2)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
तेषु (teṣu) - among the inhabitants of the region being described (among them, in them)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun
अस्ति (asti) - is, exists
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as
Present active indicative
3rd person singular present active indicative
Root: as (class 2)
जरामृत्युभयम् (jarāmṛtyubhayam) - fear of old age and death
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jarāmṛtyubhaya
jarāmṛtyubhaya - fear of old age and death
Dvanda compound 'jarāmṛtyu' followed by Tatpuruṣa with 'bhaya'
Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (jarā+mṛtyu+bhaya)
- jarā – old age, decrepitude
noun (feminine)
From root jṝ (to wear out, grow old)
Root: jṝ (class 9) - mṛtyu – death, Yama (god of death)
noun (masculine)
From root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 6) - bhaya – fear, apprehension, danger
noun (neuter)
From root bhī (to fear)
Root: bhī (class 3)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
धर्माधरमौ (dharmādharamau) - referring to the ethical dualities of good and evil (dharma and adharma) (righteousness and unrighteousness)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of dharmādharma
dharmādharma - righteousness and unrighteousness
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (dharma+adharma)
- dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - adharma – unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil, irreligion
noun (masculine)
Negative prefix a- + dharma
Prefix: a
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
तेषु (teṣu) - among the inhabitants of the region being described (among them, in them)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun
आस्ताम् (āstām) - they did not exist (in the context of 'na') (may exist, let them exist, they existed)
(verb)
3rd person , dual, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as
Imperfect active indicative
3rd person dual imperfect active indicative
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Often used with 'na' to express general non-existence.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
उत्तमाधममध्यमाः (uttamādhamamadhyamāḥ) - social or hierarchical distinctions of excellent, worst, and mediocre (superior, inferior, and middle ones)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of uttamādhamamadhyama
uttamādhamamadhyama - superior, inferior, and middle
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (uttama+adhama+madhyama)
- uttama – highest, best, superior, excellent
adjective (masculine)
Superlative degree of 'ud' - adhama – lowest, worst, inferior
adjective (masculine)
Superlative degree of 'adha' (down, below) - madhyama – middle, mediocre, intermediate
adjective (masculine)
From 'madhya' (middle)
Note: Refers to classes of people or distinctions.