मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-48, verse-42
नाम रूपञ्च भूतानां कृत्यानाञ्च प्रपञ्चनम् ।
वेदशब्देभ्य एवादौ देवादीनाञ्चकार सः ॥४२॥
वेदशब्देभ्य एवादौ देवादीनाञ्चकार सः ॥४२॥
42. nāma rūpañca bhūtānāṃ kṛtyānāñca prapañcanam .
vedaśabdebhya evādau devādīnāñcakāra saḥ.
vedaśabdebhya evādau devādīnāñcakāra saḥ.
42.
nāma rūpam ca bhūtānām kṛtyānām ca prapañcanam
vedaśabdebhyaḥ eva ādau devādīnām ca cakāra saḥ
vedaśabdebhyaḥ eva ādau devādīnām ca cakāra saḥ
42.
He (the Creator) indeed established the names and forms of beings, along with the manifestation of their functions, for the gods and others, right from the beginning, based on the words of the Vedas.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नाम (nāma) - names (name, appellation)
- रूपम् (rūpam) - forms (form, shape, appearance)
- च (ca) - and
- भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings (of beings, of creatures)
- कृत्यानाम् (kṛtyānām) - of their functions (of actions, of duties, of things to be done)
- च (ca) - along with (and)
- प्रपञ्चनम् (prapañcanam) - the manifestation (manifestation, expansion, display)
- वेदशब्देभ्यः (vedaśabdebhyaḥ) - based on the words of the Vedas (from the words of the Vedas)
- एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)
- आदौ (ādau) - right from the beginning (in the beginning, at first)
- देवादीनाम् (devādīnām) - for the gods and others (of the gods and others, beginning with gods)
- च (ca) - and
- चकार (cakāra) - he established (he made, he did)
- सः (saḥ) - He (the Creator, referring to dhātā from the previous verse) (he, that)
Words meanings and morphology
नाम (nāma) - names (name, appellation)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman
nāman - name, appellation, noun
Note: Used collectively for names.
रूपम् (rūpam) - forms (form, shape, appearance)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa
rūpa - form, shape, beauty, appearance
Note: Used collectively for forms.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects nāma and rūpam.
भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings (of beings, of creatures)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of bhūta
bhūta - being, creature, element
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root bhū (to be)
Root: bhū (class 1)
कृत्यानाम् (kṛtyānām) - of their functions (of actions, of duties, of things to be done)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of kṛtya
kṛtya - duty, action, function, to be done
Gerundive
Derived from root kṛ (to do) with suffix -tya
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Refers to what is to be done or functions.
च (ca) - along with (and)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects bhūtānām and kṛtyānām.
प्रपञ्चनम् (prapañcanam) - the manifestation (manifestation, expansion, display)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of prapañcana
prapañcana - manifestation, expansion, elaboration
Verbal Noun
Derived from root pañc (to spread, manifest) with prefix pra-
Prefix: pra
Root: pañc (class 10)
Note: Object of cakāra.
वेदशब्देभ्यः (vedaśabdebhyaḥ) - based on the words of the Vedas (from the words of the Vedas)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of vedaśabda
vedaśabda - Vedic word, word from the Veda
Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+śabda)
- veda – sacred knowledge, Veda
noun (masculine)
Derived from root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2) - śabda – sound, word, sacred text
noun (masculine)
Note: Source from which creation was made.
एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
आदौ (ādau) - right from the beginning (in the beginning, at first)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of ādi
ādi - beginning, origin, first
देवादीनाम् (devādīnām) - for the gods and others (of the gods and others, beginning with gods)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of devādi
devādi - gods and others, beginning with gods
Compound type : bahuvrihi (deva+ādi)
- deva – god, deity
noun (masculine)
Root: div (class 4) - ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
indeclinable
Note: Refers to various categories of beings.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects to the previous list implicitly or emphasizes 'also'.
चकार (cakāra) - he established (he made, he did)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
सः (saḥ) - He (the Creator, referring to dhātā from the previous verse) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he
Note: Refers to the Creator.