मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-133, verse-3
दम उवाच ।
यदत्र कृत्यं तद्ब्रूत ताते प्राप्ते सुरालयम् ।
श्रुतं भवद्भिर्यत्प्रोक्तं तेन शूद्रतपस्विना ॥३॥
यदत्र कृत्यं तद्ब्रूत ताते प्राप्ते सुरालयम् ।
श्रुतं भवद्भिर्यत्प्रोक्तं तेन शूद्रतपस्विना ॥३॥
3. dama uvāca .
yadatra kṛtyaṃ tadbrūta tāte prāpte surālayam .
śrutaṃ bhavadbhiryatproktaṃ tena śūdratapasvinā.
yadatra kṛtyaṃ tadbrūta tāte prāpte surālayam .
śrutaṃ bhavadbhiryatproktaṃ tena śūdratapasvinā.
3.
damaḥ uvāca yat atra kṛtyam tat brūta tāte prāpte surālayam
śrutam bhavadbhiḥ yat proktam tena śūdra-tapasvinā
śrutam bhavadbhiḥ yat proktam tena śūdra-tapasvinā
3.
Dama said: Now that my father has attained the abode of the gods, tell me what must be done here. You have heard what was spoken by that ascetic of the śūdra class.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दमः (damaḥ) - Dama, the speaker (Dama (proper name), self-control)
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- यत् (yat) - what (is to be done) (what, which, that)
- अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter
- कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - duty, deed, what must be done
- तत् (tat) - that, therefore
- ब्रूत (brūta) - speak, tell (you all)
- ताते (tāte) - my father (having gone to...) (in the father, for the father)
- प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having reached (the abode of gods) (having reached, attained, arrived)
- सुरालयम् (surālayam) - abode of gods, heaven
- श्रुतम् (śrutam) - what has been heard (heard, known)
- भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by you (hon.)
- यत् (yat) - what (was spoken) (what, which, that)
- प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - spoken, declared
- तेन (tena) - by that (ascetic) (by that, by him)
- शूद्र-तपस्विना (śūdra-tapasvinā) - by the śūdra ascetic
Words meanings and morphology
दमः (damaḥ) - Dama, the speaker (Dama (proper name), self-control)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dama
dama - Dama (name of a king), self-control, restraint
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect Active Indicative
3rd person singular perfect active from vac
Root: vac (class 2)
यत् (yat) - what (is to be done) (what, which, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Also used as conjunction 'that'.
अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter
(indeclinable)
कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - duty, deed, what must be done
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtya
kṛtya - what is to be done, duty, action, affair
Gerundive
Gerundive from kṛ 'to do, make'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तत् (tat) - that, therefore
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Also functions as an adverb meaning 'then, therefore'.
ब्रूत (brūta) - speak, tell (you all)
(verb)
2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū
Imperative Active
2nd person plural imperative active from brū
Root: brū (class 2)
ताते (tāte) - my father (having gone to...) (in the father, for the father)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tāta
tāta - father, dear one, respected elder
Note: Locative absolute construction.
प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having reached (the abode of gods) (having reached, attained, arrived)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta
prāpta - obtained, reached, attained
Past Passive Participle
from pra + āp 'to obtain, reach'
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
सुरालयम् (surālayam) - abode of gods, heaven
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of surālaya
surālaya - abode of gods, heaven
Tatpurusha compound: sura (god) + ālaya (abode)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sura+ālaya)
- sura – god, deity
noun (masculine) - ālaya – abode, dwelling, home
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ā
Root: lī (class 4)
श्रुतम् (śrutam) - what has been heard (heard, known)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta
śruta - heard, listened, known
Past Passive Participle
from śru 'to hear'
Root: śru (class 5)
भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by you (hon.)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhavat
bhavat - your honor, you (polite address)
Present Active Participle
from bhū 'to be', used as a respectful pronoun
Root: bhū (class 1)
यत् (yat) - what (was spoken) (what, which, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - spoken, declared
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of prokta
prokta - spoken, declared, announced
Past Passive Participle
from pra + vac 'to speak'
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
तेन (tena) - by that (ascetic) (by that, by him)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
शूद्र-तपस्विना (śūdra-tapasvinā) - by the śūdra ascetic
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of śūdra-tapasvin
śūdra-tapasvin - an ascetic of the śūdra class
Tatpurusha compound
Compound type : tatpurusha (śūdra+tapasvin)
- śūdra – a member of the fourth social class
noun (masculine) - tapasvin – ascetic, one who practices austerity (tapas)
noun (masculine)
derived from tapas (austerity)